Carbon and its Compounds | Class 10 | Activity 4.2 with Solution

Carbon and its Compounds | Activities in Text Book with Solution

Activity 4.2

• Calculate the difference in the formulae and molecular masses for (a) CH3OH and C2H5OH (b) C2H5OH and C3H7OH, and (c) C3H7OH and C4H9OH.

✅ Answer: 

Compounds	Difference in formula	Difference in molecular mass
CH3OH & C2H5OH	–CH2-	14 U
C2H5OH & C3H7OH	–CH2-	14 U
C3H7OH & C4H9OH	–CH2-	14 U
C4H9OH & C5H11OH	–CH2-	14 U

• Is there any similarity in these three?

✅ Answer: Yes. They contain -OH group. 

• Arrange these alcohols in the order of increasing carbon atoms to get a family. Can we call this family a homologous series?

✅ Answer: CH₃OH, C₂H₅OH, C₃H₇OH, C₄H₉OH. 

Yes. They are homologous series because they show a difference in -CH2 group. 

• Generate the homologous series for compounds containing up to four carbons for the other functional groups given in Table 4.3.

Table 4.3

✅ Answer

Chloro (-Cl) functional group: CH₃Cl, C₂H₅Cl, C₃H₇Cl, C₄H₉Cl. 

Aldehydes functional group: CH₃CHO, C₂H₅CHO, C₃H₇CHO, C₄H₉CHO.

Ketone functional group: CH₂CO, C₂H₄CO, C₃H₆CO, C₄H₈CO. 

Carboxylic acids functional group: CH₂COOH, C₂H₄COOH, C₃H₆COOH, C₄H₉COOH.

• Activity 4.1
• Activity 4.2
• Activity 4.3
• Activity 4.4
• Activity 4.5
• Activity 4.6
• Activity 4.7
• Activity 4.8
• Activity 4.9
• Activity 4.10
• Activity 4.11
• Activity 4.12

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