NEET Topic-wise & A
Topic 1: PRE-FERTILISATION: STRUCTURES & EVENTS, DOUBLE FERTILIZATION
NEET: Previous Years Questions
01. Identify the correct description about the given figure:
(1) Wind pollinated plant inflorescence showing flowers with well exposed stamens.
(2) Water pollinated flowers showing stamens with mucilaginous covering.
(3) Cleistogamous flowers showing autogamy.
(4) Compact inflorescence showing complete autogamy. (NEET 2024)
✅ (1) Wind pollinated plant inflorescence showing flowers with well exposed stamens.
02. Identify the set of correct statement:
A. The flowers of Vallisneria are colourful and produce nectar.
B. The flowers of waterlily are not pollinated by water.
C. In most of water-pollinated species, the pollen grains are protected from wetting.
D. Pollen grains of some hydrophytes are long and ribbon like.
E. In some hydrophytes, the pollen grains are carried passively inside water.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
(1) C, D and E only
(2) A, B, C and D only
(3) A, C, D and E only
(4) B, C, D and E only (NEET 2024)
✅ (4) B, C, D and E only
03. In angiosperm, the haploid, diploid and triploid structures of a fertilized embryo sac sequentially are:
(1) Antipodals, synergids, and primary endosperm nucleus
(2) Synergids, Zygote and Primary endosperm nucleus
(3) Synergids, antipodals and Polar nuclei
(4) Synergids, Primary endosperm nucleus and zygote (NEET 2023)
✅ (2) Synergids, Zygote and Primary endosperm nucleus
04. Large, colourful, fragrant flowers with nectar are seen in
(1) Bird pollinated plants
(2) Bat pollinated plants
(3) Wind pollinated plants
(4) Insect pollinated plants (NEET 2023)
✅ (4) Insect pollinated plants
05. What is the function of tassels in the corn cob?
(1) To trap pollen grains
(2) To disperse pollen grains
(3) To protect seeds
(4) To attract insects (NEET 2023)
✅ (1) To trap pollen grains
06. In some members of which of the following pairs of families, pollen grains retain their viability for months after release?
(1) Poaceae; Rosaceae
(2) Poaceae; Leguminosae
(3) Poaceae; Solanaceae
(4) Rosaceae; Leguminosae (NEET 2021)
✅ (4) Rosaceae; Leguminosae
07. A typical angiosperm embryo sac at maturity is:
(1) 8-nucleate and 7-celled
(2) 7-nucleate and 8-celled
(3) 7-nucleate and 7-celled
(4) 8-nucleate and 8-celled (NEET 2021)
✅ (1) 8-nucleate and 7-celled
08. The term used for transfer of pollen grains from anthers of one plant to stigma of a different plant which, during pollination, brings genetically different types of pollen grains to stigma, is
(1) Xenogamy
(2) Geitonogamy
(3) Chasmogamy
(4) Cleistogamy (NEET 2021)
✅ (1) Xenogamy
09. The body of the ovule is fused within the funicle at
(1) Nucellus
(2) Chalaza
(3) Hilum
(4) Micropyle (NEET 2020)
✅ (3) Hilum
10. In water hyacinth and water lily, pollination takes place by
(1) wind and water
(2) insects and water
(3) insects or wind
(4) water currents only (NEET 2020)
✅ (3) insects or wind
11. The plant parts which consist of two generations - one within the other:
(a) Pollen grains inside the anther
(b) Germinated pollen grain with two male gametes
(c) Seed inside the fruit
(d) Embryo sac inside the ovule
(1) (c) and (d)
(2) (a) and (d)
(3) (a) only
(4) (a), (b) and (c) (NEET 2020)
✅ (2) (a) and (d)
12. What is the fate of the male gametes discharged in the synergid?
(1) One fuses with the egg, other(s) degenerate(s) in the synergid.
(2) All fuse with the egg.
(3) One fuses with the egg, other(s) fuse(s) with synergid nucleus.
(4) One fuses with the egg and other fuses with central cell nuclei. (NEET 2019)
✅ (4) One fuses with the egg and other fuses with central cell nuclei.
13. Which of the following has proved helpful in preserving pollen as fossil?
(1) Pollenkitt
(2) Cellulosic intine
(2) Oil content
(4) Sporopollenin (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) Sporopollenin
14. Winged pollen grains are present in
(1) Mustard
(2) Cycas
(3) Mango
(4) Pinus (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) Pinus
15. Pollen grains can be stored for several years in liquid nitrogen having a temperature of (NEET 2018)
(1) -120°C
(2) -80°C
(3) -196°C
(4) -160°C
✅ (3) -196°C
16. Double fertilisation is
(1) Fusion of 2 male gametes of a pollen tube with 2 different egg
(2) Fusion of 1 male gamete with 2 polar nuclei
(3) Fusion of 2 male gametes with 1egg
(4) Syngamy and triple fusion (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) Syngamy and triple fusion
17. Which one of the following plants shows a very close relationship with a species of moth, where none of the two can complete its life cycle without the other?
(1) Hydrilla
(2) Yucca
(3) Banana
(4) Viola (NEET 2018)
✅ (2) Yucca
18. Functional megaspore in an angiosperm develops into an
(1) endosperm
(2) embryo sac
(3) embryo
(4) ovule (NEET 2017)
✅ (2) embryo sac
19. Attractants and rewards are required for
(1) entomophily
(2) hydrophily
(3) cleistogamy
(4) anemophily (NEET 2017)
✅ (1) entomophily
20. Flowers which have single ovule in the ovary and are packed into inflorescence are usually pollinated by
(1) bee
(2) wind
(3) bat
(4) water (NEET 2017)
✅ (2) wind
21. A dioecious flowering plant prevents both
(1) autogamy and geitonogamy
(2) geitonogamy and xenogamy
(3) cleistogamy and xenogamy
(4) autogamy and xenogamy. (NEET 2017)
✅ (1) autogamy and geitonogamy
22. Double fertilisation is exhibited by
(1) algae
(2) fungi
(3) angiosperms
(4) gymnosperms (NEET 2017)
✅ (3) angiosperms
23. In majority of angiosperms,
(1) egg has a filiform apparatus
(2) there are numerous antipodal cells
(3) reduction division occurs in the megaspore mother cells
(4) a small central cell is present in that embryo sac (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (3) reduction division occurs in the megaspore mother cells
24. Pollination in water hyacinth and water lily is brought about by the agency of
(1) water
(2) insects or wind
(3) birds
(4) bats (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (2) insects or wind
25. The ovule of an angiosperm is technically equivalent to
(1) megasporangium
(2) megasporophyll
(3) megaspore mother cell
(4) megaspore (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (1) megasporangium
26. Which one of the following statements is not true?
(1) Pollen grains of many species cause severe allergies.
(2) Stored pollen in liquid nitrogen can be used in the crop breeding programmes.
(3) Tapetum helps in the dehiscence of anther.
(4) Exine of pollen grains is made up of sporopollenin. (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (3) Tapetum helps in the dehiscence of anther.
27. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(1) Pollen germination and pollen tube growth are regulated by chemical components of pollen interacting with those of the pistil.
(2) Some reptiles have also been reported as pollinators in some plant species.
(3) Pollen grains of many species can germinate on the stigma of a flower, but only one pollen tube of the same species grows into the style.
(4) Insects that consume pollen or nectar without bringing about pollination are called pollen/ nectar robbers. (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (3) Pollen grains of many species can germinate on the stigma of a flower, but only one pollen tube of the same species grows into the style.
28. Proximal end of the filament of stamen is attached to the
(1) placenta
(2) thalamus or petal
(3) anther
(4) connective (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (2) thalamus or petal
Model Questions
STRUCTURE OF A FLOWER
29. Analyze the statements given below:
P. Several hormonal and structural changes lead to the differentiation and further development of the floral primordium.
Q. Inflorescences are formed which bear the floral buds and then the flowers.
R. In the flower the male and female reproductive structures, the androecium and the gynoecium differentiate and develop.
(1) Only P is correct
(2) Only Q & R are correct
(3) All are correct
(4) All except Q is correct
✅ (3) All are correct
30. A diagrammatic representation of L.S of a flowers is shown. Label the parts:
(1) A- filament, B- sepal, C- anther, D- stigma, E- style, F- disc, G- ovary, H- ovule, I- petal
(2) A- filament, B- petal, C- anther, D- stigma, E- style, F- disc, G- ovary, H- ovule, I- sepal
(3) A- anther, B- petal, C- filament, D- stigma, E- style, F- Disc, G- ovary, H- ovule, I- sepal
(4) A- filament, B- petal, C- stigma, D- filament, E- style, F-disc, G- ovary, H- ovule, I sepal
✅ (2) A- filament, B- petal, C- anther, D- stigma, E- style, F- disc, G- ovary, H- ovule, I- sepal
31. A typical stamen and three-dimensional cut section of an anther is given. Label the parts.
(1) 1- anther, 2- pollen sacs, 3- pollen grain, 4- line of dehiscence, 5- filament
(2) 1- anther, 2- pollen grain, 3- pollen sacs, 4- line of dehiscence, 5- filament
(3) 1- filament, 2-pollen grain, 3- pollen sacs, 4- line of dehiscence, 5- stalk
(4) 1- anther, 2-stalk, 3- pollen sacs, 4- pollen grains, 5- line of dehiscence
✅ (2) 1- anther, 2- pollen grain, 3- pollen sacs, 4- line of dehiscence, 5- filament
32. A typical angiosperm anther is
(1) Single lobed and monothecous
(2) Single lobed and dithecous
(3) Bilobed and dithecous
(4) Bilobed and monothecous
✅ (3) Bilobed and dithecous
33. Correct sequence of layers of anther from outer to inner is
(1) Epidermis → Tapetum → Middle layers → Endothecium
(2) Tapetum → Endothecium → Epidermis → Middle layers
(3) Epidermis → Endothecium → Middle layers → Tapetum
(4) Endothecium → Epidermis → Middle layers → Tapetum
✅ (3) Epidermis → Endothecium → Middle layers → Tapetum
34. Select the true statement regarding tapetum.
I. Inner most wall layer
II. It is a nourishing tissue
III. Cells possess dense cytoplasm
IV. Cells generally have more than one nucleus
V. Cells are wedge shaped
(1) III & IV are correct
(2) II & V are correct
(3) I, III and V are correct
(4) All are correct
✅ (4) All are correct
35. Microsporogenesis means
(1) Formation of microspores from pollen mother cell (PMC) through mitosis
(2) Formation of microspores from primary endosperm cell (PEC) through meiosis
(3) Formation of microspores from pollen mother cell (PMC) through meiosis
(4) Formation of microspores from primary endosperm cell (PEC) through mitosis
✅ (3) Formation of microspores from pollen mother cell (PMC) through meiosis
36. Male gametophyte in angiosperm starts with
(1) Microspore mother cell
(2) Pollen grain
(3) Gamete
(4) Microspore tetrad
✅ (2) Pollen grain
37. Enlarged view of one microsporangium with wall layers are shown. Identify the layers.
(1) 1-Epidermis, 2- endothecium, 3- middle layers, 4- tapetum, 5- mmc
(2) 1-Epidermis, 2- endothecium, 3- middle layers, 4- mmc, 5- tapetum
(3) 1-Epidermis, 2- middle layers, 3- endothecium, 4- mmc, 5- tapetum
(4) 1-Epidermis, 2- tapetum, 3- middle layers, 4- mmc, 5- endothecium
✅ (2) 1-Epidermis, 2- endothecium, 3- middle layers, 4- mmc, 5- tapetum
38. Regarding pollen grains (male gametophyte)
i. Generally, bilobed in shape
ii. Size may be 25-50 micrometer in diameter
iii. Its outer covering is made up of pectin
iv. Exine has germ pores where sporopollenin is absent
(1) ii & iv are correct
(2) i & ii are correct
(3) iii & iv are correct
(4) i & iv are correct
✅ (1) ii & iv are correct
39. Intine is made up of
(1) Sporopollenin & Suberin
(2) Cellulose & Pectin
(3) Sporopollenin & Pectin
(4) Cellulose & Suberin
✅ (2) Cellulose & Pectin
40. One of the statements given below is not suitable for Sporopollenin. Select it.
(1) Exine is made up of this organic material
(2) It can withstand high temperature, strong acids and alkali
(3) Pollen grains are preserved as fossils due to the presence of sporopollenin
(4) It is easily degraded by most of the enzymes
✅ (4) It is easily degraded by most of the enzymes
41. Vegetative cell of pollen grain is
(1) Smaller than Generative cell
(2) Having abundant food reserve
(3) Spindle shaped with dense cytoplasm
(4) With a small spherical nucleus
✅ (2) Having abundant food reserve
42. Read the following statements regarding pollen grains.
i. They are rich in nutrients.
ii. Pollen grains of many species such as Parthenium or Carrot grass cause severe allergies, often leads to chronic respiratory disorders.
iii. It is better to use immediately because they cannot be stored for future purpose
iv. Pollen tablets & syrups are used to increase performance of athletes and race horses.
(1) 2 & 3 are correct
(2) 3 & 4 are correct
(3) 1,2 & 3 are correct
(4) 1,2 & 4 are correct
✅ (4) 1,2 & 4 are correct
43. Viability of pollen grains of some cereals such as rice, wheat etc. is
(1) 30 minutes
(2) 24-48 hrs
(3) Several months
(4) 1-2 years
✅ (1) 30 minutes
44. Diagrammatic view of a typical ovule (Megasporangium) is shown. Select the correct labelling.
(1) A- Hilum, B- Micropyle, C- Funicle, D- Micropylar pole, E- Outer integument, F- Inner integument, G- Nucellus, H- Embryo sac, I- Chalazal pole
(2) A- Hilum, B- Funicle, C- Micropyle, D- Micropylar pole, E- Outer integument, F- Inner integument, G- Nucellus, H- Embryo sac, I- Chalazal pole
(3) A- Hilum, B- Micropylar pole, C- Micropyle, D- Funicle, D- Outer integument, F- Inner integument, G-Nucleus, H- Chalaza, I- Nucellus
(4) A- Hilum, B- Nucellus, C- Micropylar pole, D- Micropyle, E- Funicle, E- Outer integument, F- Inner integument, G- Nucleus, H- Chalaza, I- Embryo sac
✅ (2) A- Hilum, B- Funicle, C- Micropyle, D- Micropylar pole, E- Outer integument, F- Inner integument, G- Nucellus, H- Embryo sac, I- Chalazal pole
45. Match the following:
(1) 1-f, 2-e, 3-b, 4-c, 5-a, 6-d
(2) 1-e, 2-f, 3-a, 4-b, 5-c, 6-d
(3) 1-e, 2-f, 3-a, 4-d, 5-a, 6-b
(4) 1-e, 2-a, 3-f, 4-c, 5-d, 6-b
✅ (2) 1-e, 2-f, 3-a, 4-b, 5-c, 6-d
46. Over 60% angiosperms shed their pollen grains at
(1) 2-celled stage
(2) 3-celled stage
(3) 4-celled stage
(4) Single celled stage
✅ (1) 2-celled stage
47. Structure of a mature embryo sac is given below. Label the parts:
(1) A- Filiform apparatus, B- Antipodals, C- Polar nuclei, D- Central cell, E- Egg, F- Synergids
(2) A- Antipodals, B- Polar nuclei, C- Central cell, D- Egg, E- Synergids, F- Filiform apparatus
(3) A- Polar nuclei, B_ Antipodals, C- Central cell, D- Synergids, E- Polar nuclei, F- Filiform apparatus
(4) A- Polar nuclei, B- Egg, C- Central cell, D- Synergids, E- Filiform apparatus, F- Antipodals
✅ (2) A- Antipodals, B- Polar nuclei, C- Central cell, D- Egg, E- Synergids, F- Filiform apparatus
48. Odd one out based on number of ovules (megasporangia) present.
(1) Wheat
(2) Paddy
(3) Papaya
(4) Mango
✅ (3) Papaya
49. A typical angiosperm embryo sac at maturity has
(1) 7 celled 7 nucleate
(2) 8 celled 8 nucleate
(3) 7 celled 8 nucleate
(4) 8 celled 7 nucleate
✅ (3) 7 celled 8 nucleate
50. Megaspore mother cell (MMC) undergoes
(1) Mitosis to produce 4 megaspores
(2) Meiosis to produce 2 megaspores
(3) Mitosis to produce 2 megaspores
(4) Meiosis to produce 4 megaspores
✅ (4) Meiosis to produce 4 megaspores
51. In majority of flowering plants,
(1) One megaspore is functional while the other three degenerates
(2) Two megaspores are functional while the other two degenerates
(3) Three megaspores are functional while the one degenerates
(4) All megaspores are functional
✅ (1) One megaspore is functional while the other three degenerates
POLLINATION
52. Select the false statement regarding Cleistogamous flowers.
(1) They do not open at all and anthers & stigma lie close to each other.
(2) When anthers dehisce in the flower buds, pollen grains meet stigma for pollination.
(3) Cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed-set even in the absence of pollinators.
(4) Cleistogamy can prevent inbreeding depression.
✅ (4) Cleistogamy can prevent inbreeding depression.
53. Which of the following sets of plants can produce both Chasmogamous and Cleistogamous flowers?
(1) Helianthes, Oxalis & Commelina
(2) Viola, Oxalis & Commelina
(3) Gossypium, Oxalis & Helianthes
(4) Oxalis, Rosa & Gossypium
✅ (2) Viola, Oxalis & Commelina
54. Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant is called
(1) Chasmogamy
(2) Autogamy
(3) Geitonogamy
(4) Xenogamy
✅ (3) Geitonogamy
55. More common abiotic pollination is
(1) Anemophily
(2) Hydrophily
(3) Chirophily
(4) Entomophily
✅ (1) Anemophily
56. In water hyacinth and water lily, pollination takes place by
(1) Hydrophily & Anemophily
(2) Entomophily & Anemophily
(3) Anemophily & Ornithophily
(4) Only hydrophily
✅ (2) Entomophily & Anemophily
57. The need to produce enormous amount of pollen when compared to number of ovule available for pollination
(1) To protect young pollens
(2) To attract insect
(3) To compensate for the uncertainties and loss of pollen grain
(4) To compensate ageing of pollen
✅ (3) To compensate for the uncertainties and loss of pollen grain
58. Pollination by water (hydrophily) is limited to
(1) About 30 genera, mostly monocotyledons
(2) About 30 genera, mostly dicotyledons
(3) About 10 genera, mostly monocotyledons
(4) About 10 genera, mostly dicotyledons
✅ (1) About 30 genera, mostly monocotyledons
59. Most common type of agents of pollination are
(1) Insects and is called Ornithophily
(2) Birds and is called Ornithophily
(3) Birds and is called Entomophily
(4) Insects and is called Entomophily
✅ (4) Insects and is called Entomophily
60. Pollen tube enters the ovule through the micropyle and then enters one of the synergids through
(1) Antepodals
(2) Chalaza
(3) Filiform apparatus
(4) Pollenkitt
✅ (3) Filiform apparatus
61. Longitudinal section of a flower showing growth of pollen tube. Label the parts.
(1) A- Pollen tube, B- Antipodal, C- Polar nuclei, D- Synergid, E- Egg
(2) A- Pollen tube, B- Antipodal, C- Polar nuclei, D- Egg cell, E- Synergid
(3) A- Pollen tube, B- Polar nuclei, C- Synergid, D- Antipodal, E- Egg cell
(4) A- Synergids, B- Pollen tube, C- Polar nuclei, D- Egg, E- Antipodals
✅ (2) A- Pollen tube, B- Antipodal, C- Polar nuclei, D- Egg cell, E- Synergid
62. Which of the following is not the feature of insect-pollinated flowers?
(1) Large, colourful, fragrant and rich in nectar.
(2) Small flowers form inflorescence to make them visible.
(3) The flowers pollinated by flies & beetles secrete foul odours to attract these animals.
(4) The pollen grains are generally non-sticky.
✅ (4) The pollen grains are generally non-sticky.
63. A moth species (Tegeticula spp) deposits its eggs in the locule of ovary of
(1) Yucca
(2) Amorphophallus
(3) Gossypium
(4) Oxalis
✅ (1) Yucca
64. Which one of the following is not included in outbreeding devices?
(1) Avoiding synchronization.
(2) Arrangement of anther & stigma at different positions.
(3) Self-incompatibility.
(4) Production of bisexual flowers.
✅ (4) Production of bisexual flowers.
65. Removal of anthers from the bisexual flower bud of female parent before the anther dehisces is called
(1) Artificial hybridisation
(2) Bagging
(3) Emasculation
(4) Cross
✅ (3) Emasculation
DOUBLE FERTILIZATION
66. Which of the following is an exclusive feature of angiosperms?
(1) Double fertilisation & Pollination
(2) Triple fusion & Haploid endosperm
(3) Haploid endosperm & Pollination
(4) Triploid endosperm & Double fertilisation
✅ (4) Triploid endosperm & Double fertilisation
67. The central cell after triple fusion becomes
(1) Zygote
(2) Primary endosperm cell (PEC)
(3) Triploid endosperm tissue
(4) Free nuclear endosperm
✅ (2) Primary endosperm cell (PEC)
68. After double fertilisation, a mature ovule would have
(1) 1 diploid and 1 haploid cells
(2) 1 diploid and 1 triploid cells
(3) 2 haploid and 1 triploid cells
(4) 1 haploid and 1 triploid cells
✅ (2) 1 diploid and 1 triploid cells
69. Primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) is formed by the fusion of
(1) 2 polar nuclei + 1 synergid cell nucleus
(2) 1 polar nucleus + 1 antipodal cell nucleus + 1 synergid cell nucleus
(3) 2 polar nuclei + 1 male gamete nucleus
(4) 2 antipodal cell nuclei + 1 male gamete nucleus
✅ (3) 2 polar nuclei + 1 male gamete nucleus
70. If the cells of nucellus in the angiosperm ovule contain 24 chromosomes, what will be the number of chromosomes in the endosperm of a self-pollinated flower?
(1) 12
(2) 24
(3) 36
(4) 48
✅ (3) 36
71. Given below is the structure of fertilized embryo sac. Label A to E.
(1) A- Degenerating synergids, B- Zygote, C- PEC, D- PEN, E- Degenerating antipodal cells
(2) A- Degenerating antipodal cells, B- Zygote, C- PEN, D- PEC, E- Degenerating synergids
(3) A- Degenerating synergids, B- PEC, C- PEN, D- Zygote, E- Degenerating antipodal cells
(4) A- Degenerating antipodal cells, B - PEN, C- PEC, D- Zygote, E- Degenerating synergids
✅ (1) A- Degenerating synergids, B- Zygote, C- PEC, D- PEN, E- Degenerating antipodal cells
Topic 2: POST- FERTILISATION: STRUCTURES & EVENTS
NEET: Previous Years Questions
72. Identify the part of the seed from the given figure which is destined to form root when the seed germinates.
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D (NEET 2024)
✅ (3) C
73. In some plants, the female gamete develops into embryo without fertilization. This phenomenon is known as
(1) Autogamy
(2) Parthenocarpy
(3) Syngamy
(4) Parthenogenesis (NEET 2019)
✅ (4) Parthenogenesis
74. Which one of the following statements regarding postfertilization development in flowering plants is incorrect?
(1) Ovary develops into fruit
(2) Zygote develops into embryo
(3) Central cell develops into endosperm
(4) Ovules develop into embryo sac (NEET 2019)
✅ (4) Ovules develop into embryo sac
75. Persistent nucellus in the seed is known as:
(1) Chalaza
(2) Perisperm
(3) Hilum
(4) Tegmen (NEET 2019)
✅ (2) Perisperm
76. The coconut water from tender coconut represents
(1) free nuclear proembryo
(2) free nuclear endosperm
(3) endocarp
(4) fleshy mesocarp (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (2) free nuclear endosperm
77. Seed formation without fertilisation in flowering plants involves the process of
(1) somatic hybridisation
(2) apomixis
(3) sporulation
(4) budding (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (2) apomixis
Model Questions
ENDOSPERM DEVELOPMENT
78. Liquid endosperm is present in
(1) Castor
(2) Coconut
(3) Beans
(4) Ground nut
✅ (2) Coconut
79. Endosperm becomes cellular due to formation of
(1) Cell wall
(2) Vacuole
(3) Nucleus
(4) Reserve food
✅ (1) Cell wall
EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT
80. Select the false statement.
(1) In angiosperms, embryo develops at micropylar end of the embryo sac.
(2) Most zygotes divide only after the formation of some endosperm.
(3) Cotyledon of grass family is called scutellum.
(4) In monocots & dicots, embryogeny and seeds differ greatly.
✅ (4) In monocots & dicots, embryogeny and seeds differ greatly.
81. The correct sequence of embryonic development in angiosperms is
(1) Zygote → Pro-embryo → Globular → Heart-shaped → Mature embryo.
(2) Zygote → Globular → Pro-embryo → Heart-shaped → Mature embryo.
(3) Zygote → Heart-shaped → Pro-embryo → Globular → Mature embryo.
(4) Zygote → Globular → Heart-shaped → Pro-embryo → Mature embryo.
✅ (1) Zygote → Pro-embryo → Globular → Heart-shaped → Mature embryo.
82. LS of grass embryo (monocot) is given. Label A to G.
(1) A- scutellum, B- coleorhiza, C- shoot apex, D- epiblast, E- radicle, F- root cap, G- coleoptile
(2) A- shoot apex, B- coleoptile, C- scutellum, D- epiblast, E- radicle, F- root cap, G- coleorhiza
(3) A- shoot apex, B- coleorhiza, C- scutellum, D- epiblast, E- radicle, F- root cap, G- coleoptile
(4) A- scutellum, B- coleoptile, C- shoot apex, D- epiblast, E- radicle, F- root cap, G- coleorhiza
✅ (4) A- scutellum, B- coleoptile, C- shoot apex, D- epiblast, E- radicle, F- root cap, G- coleorhiza
SEED FROM OVULE
83. In angiosperm ……………… is the final product of sexual reproduction
(1) Fruit
(2) Flower
(3) Seed
(4) Endosperm
✅ (3) Seed
84. Examples of plants with Non-albuminous (Ex-albuminous) seeds are
(1) Pea, groundnut and beans
(2) Wheat, maize, barley, castor and coconut
(3) Castor, coconut and groundnut
(4) All the above are non-albuminous
✅ (1) Pea, groundnut and beans
85. Occasionally in some seeds such as black pepper and beet, remnants of nucellus are also persistent. This residual, persistent nucellus is called
(1) Endosperm
(2) Perisperm
(3) Hilum
(4) Raphae
✅ (2) Perisperm
86. The inability of a seed to germinate can be called as
(1) Dormancy
(2) Fertility
(3) Viability
(4) Antibiosis
✅ (1) Dormancy
87. There are several records of very old yet viable seeds. The oldest is that of .............. excavated from ............ The seed germinated and flowered after an estimated record of .......... years of dormancy.
(1) Helianthus annus, tundra, 1000
(2) Myristica fragraus, antartic, 10000
(3) Lupinus articus, Artic tundra, 10000
(4) Hibiscus, tundra, 50000
✅ (3) Lupinus articus, Artic tundra, 10000
88. A recent record of ……………… old viable seed is obtained from date palm, scientifically called as ……………… discovered during the archeological excavation at king’s Herod’s palace near the Dead Sea.
(1) 1000, Phoenix dactylifera
(2) 2000, Phoenix dactylifera
(3) 2000, Tectona grandis
(4) 4000, Phoenix dactylifera
✅ (2) 2000, Phoenix dactylifera
89. Structure of a typical monocot seed is given below. Observe this and select the false statement.
(1) G is radicle and it becomes root tip
(2) B is endosperm and so it is an albuminous seed
(3) D is coleoptile and it is a hollow foliar structure
(4) C is scutellum and it is the cotyledon of monocot
✅ (1) G is radicle and it becomes root tip
FRUIT FROM OVARY
90. After fertilization, pericarp is derived from
(1) Ovule
(2) Nucellus
(3) Walls of ovary
(4) Outer integument
✅ (3) Walls of ovary
91. The fruits which develop from the region other than ovary is called
(1) Pericarp
(2) Pseudocarp
(3) Mesocarp
(4) Endocarp
✅ (2) Pseudocarp
92. Examples for plants with pseudocarp are
(1) Apple, coconut, guava
(2) Coconut, mango, cashew
(3) Apple, strawberry, cashew
(4) Strawberry, cashew, mustard
✅ (3) Apple, strawberry, cashew
93. Development of fruits without fertilization is called
(1) Parthenocarpy
(2) Parthenogenesis
(3) Polyspermy
(4) Polyembryony
✅ (1) Parthenocarpy
APOMIXIS AND POLYEMBRYONY
94. A few flowering plants such as some species of Asteraceae and grasses have evolved a special mechanism, to produce seeds without fertilization referred to as
(1) Amphimixis
(2) Polyembryony
(3) Apospory
(4) Apomixis
✅ (4) Apomixis
95. Occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed is referred to as .......... and is commonly seen in .....................
(1) Polyembryony, Tectona & Xylia
(2) Polyembryony, Citrus & Mangifera
(3) Polymorphism Tectona & Xylia
(4) Polymorphism, Citrus & Mangifera
✅ (2) Polyembryony, Citrus & Mangifera
96. In case of polyembryony in citrus and mango, which cells undergo division to form embryos?
(1) Nucellar cells
(2) PEC
(3) Antipodal cells
(4) Egg cell
✅ (1) Nucellar cells