NEET Topic-wise Q & A
Topic 1: SYSTEMS OF BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
Model Questions
Q 1: Artificial systems of classification are based on
(1) Evolutionary relationships among organisms
(2) Vegetative characters or superficial morphological characters
(3) Reproductive characters or anatomical characters
(4) Cytological information like chromosome number, structure, behaviour etc.
✅ (2) Vegetative characters or superficial morphological characters
Q 2: Linnaeus’s artificial system of classification is based on
(1) Androecium structure
(2) Structure of leaves and flowers
(3) Natural affinities among organisms
(4) Chromosome number
✅ (1) Androecium structure
Q 3: Giving equal weightage to vegetative and sexual characteristics is the drawback of
(1) Artificial systems of classification
(2) Natural systems of classification
(3) Phylogenetic systems of classification
(4) Numerical taxonomy
✅ (1) Artificial systems of classification
Q 4: Natural classification for flowering plants given by
(1) Carl Linnaeus
(2) R.H Whittaker
(3) George Bentham & Joseph Dalton Hooker
(4) Engler and Prantle
✅ (3) George Bentham & Joseph Dalton Hooker
Q 5: Natural classification systems consider
(1) Morphology and phytochemistry only
(2) Cytological information only
(3) Anatomy, embryology and evolutionary history
(4) Ultrastructure, anatomy, embryology & phytochemistry
✅ (4) Ultrastructure, anatomy, embryology & phytochemistry
Q 6: Which of the following is wrong statement regarding Numerical taxonomy?
(1) It is based on all observable characteristics
(2) It is easily carried out using computers
(3) It considers mainly chemical constituents of plants
(4) Number & codes are assigned to all the characters and the data are processed
✅ (3) It considers mainly chemical constituents of plants
Q 7: Which of the following branch of taxonomy is based on cytological information like chromosome number, structure and behaviour?
(1) Numerical taxonomy
(2) Cytotaxonomy
(3) Chemotaxonomy
(4) Cladistics Taxonomy
✅ (2) Cytotaxonomy
Topic 2: ALGAE
NEET: Previous Years Questions
Q 8: Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements:
In the members of Phaeophyceae,
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
In the members of Phaeophyceae,
A. Asexual reproduction occurs usually by biflagellate zoospores.
B. Sexual reproduction is by oogamous method only.
C. Stored food is in the form of carbohydrates which is either mannitol or laminarin.
D. The major pigments found are chlorophyll a, c and carotenoids and xanthophyll.
E. Vegetative cells have a cellulosic wall, usually covered on the outside by gelatinous coating of algin.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) A, B, C and D only
(2) B, C, D and E only
(3) A, C, D and E only
(4) A, B, C and E only (NEET 2024)
✅ (3) A, C, D and E only
Q 9: Which of the following algae contains mannitol as reserve food material? (NEET 2021)
(1) Ectocarpus
(2) Gracilaria
(3) Volvox
(4) Ulothrix
✅ (1) Ectocarpus
Q 10: Which of the following algae produce Carrageen?
(1) Green algae
(2) Brown algae
(3) Red algae
(4) Blue-green algae (NEET 2021)
✅ (3) Red algae
Q 11: Floridean starch has structure similar to:
(1) Mannitol and algin
(2) Laminarin and cellulose
(3) Starch and cellulose
(4) Amylopectin and glycogen (NEET 2020)
✅ (4) Amylopectin and glycogen
Q 12: Which of the following pairs is of unicellular algae?
(1) Anabaena and Volvox
(2) Chlorella and Spirulina
(3) Laminaria and Sargassum
(4) Gelidium and Gracilaria (NEET 2020)
✅ (2) Chlorella and Spirulina
Q 13: Which one is wrongly matched?
(1) Uniflagellate gametes - Polysiphonia
(2) Biflagellate zoospore - Brown algae
(3) Gemma cups - Marchantia
(4) Unicellular organism - Chlorella (NEET 2018)
✅ (1) Uniflagellate gametes - Polysiphonia
Q 14: An example of colonial alga is
(1) Volvox
(2) Ulothrix
(3) Spirogyra
(4) Chlorella (NEET 2017)
✅ (1) Volvox
Q 15: Which one of the following statements is wrong?
(1) Algae increase the level of dissolved oxygen in the immediate environment.
(2) Algin is obtained from red algae, and carrageenan from brown algae.
(3) Agar‐agar is obtained from Gelidium and Gracilaria.
(4) Laminaria and Sargassum are used as food. (NEET‐II 2016)
✅ (2) Algin is obtained from red algae, and carrageenan from brown algae.
Model Questions
Q 16: Examples for filamentous form of algae are
(1) Ulothrix and Spirogyra
(2) Ulothrix and Chlamydomonas
(3) Volvox and Chlamydomonas
(4) Ulothrix and Volvox
✅ (1) Ulothrix and Spirogyra
Q 17: In algae, most common type of asexual reproduction is by
(1) Endospores
(2) Aplanospores
(3) Autospores
(4) Zoospores
✅ (4) Zoospores
Q 18: Select the classes of Algae.
(1) Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Sphenopsida & Pteropsida
(2) Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae & Rhodophyceae
(3) Hepaticopsida (Liverworts), Anthocerotopsida (Hornworts) & Bryopsida (Mosses)
(4) Cycadopsida, Coniferopsida & Gnetopsida
✅ (2) Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae & Rhodophyceae
Q 19: Of the following, which group of algae are used as food?
(1) Porphyra, Laminaria and Sargassum
(2) Volvox, Fucus and Sargassum
(3) Ulothrix, Chara and Porphyra
(4) Gelidium & Gracilaria
✅ (1) Porphyra, Laminaria and Sargassum
Q 20: Agar is obtained from
(1) Ulothrix, Chara and Porphyra
(2) Sargassum and Volvox
(3) Chlamydomonas and Volvox
(4) Gelidium & Gracilaria
✅ (4) Gelidium & Gracilaria
Q 21: Select the protein-rich unicellular algae that are used as food supplements by space travelers.
(1) Chlorella & Gelidium
(2) Chlorella & Spirulina
(3) Gracilaria & Spirulina
(4) Chlorella & Sargassum
✅ (2) Chlorella & Spirulina
Q 22: Algin and Carrageen are Hydrocolloids (water holding substances) produced from
(1) Red algae and Brown algae respectively
(2) Green algae and Red algae respectively
(3) Brown algae and Red algae respectively
(4) Red algae and Green algae respectively
✅ (3) Brown algae and Red algae respectively
Q 23: The following figures respectively represent
(1) Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Chara
(2) Chara, Volvox, Chlamydomonas
(3) Volvox, Chlamydomonas, Chara
(4) Volvox, Chara, Chlamydomonas
✅ (3) Volvox, Chlamydomonas, Chara
Q 24: Chlorophyceae are usually green coloured due to the pigments
(1) Chlorophyll a & b
(2) Chlorophyll a & c
(3) Chlorophyll a & d
(4) Fucoxanthin
✅ (1) Chlorophyll a & b
Q 25: Which of the following statements is wrong regarding Green algae?
(1) They are unicellular, colonial or filamentous.
(2) The chloroplasts may be discoid, plate-like, reticulate, cup-shaped, spiral or ribbon-shaped.
(3) Most of them have one or more pyrenoids (storage bodies) located in the chloroplasts.
(4) They have a rigid cell wall made of an inner layer of pectose and an outer layer of cellulose.
✅ (4) They have a rigid cell wall made of an inner layer of pectose and an outer layer of cellulose.
Q 26: In Chlorophyceae, sexual reproduction is
(1) Anisogamous or Oogamous
(2) Isogamous and Anisogamous
(3) Isogamous or Oogamous
(4) Isogamous, Anisogamous or Oogamous
✅ (4) Isogamous, Anisogamous or Oogamous
Q 27: Given below are some statements regarding Phaeophyceae. One of the statements is false. Pick it out.
(1) They have chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids & xanthophylls.
(2) Food is stored as Floridean Starch.
(3) The vegetative cells have a cellulosic wall covered by a gelatinous coating of algin.
(4) Plant body is attached to substratum by a holdfast and has a stalk (stipe) and leaf like photosynthetic organ (frond).
✅ (2) Food is stored as Floridean Starch.
Q 28: The following figures respectively represent
(1) Laminaria, Fucus and Dictyota
(2) Fucus, Laminaria and Dictyota
(3) Dictyota, Laminaria and Fucus
(4) Fucus, Dictyota and Laminaria
✅ (1) Laminaria, Fucus and Dictyota
Q 29: Odd one out
(1) Ectocarpus
(2) Sargassum
(3) Fucus
(4) Gracilaria
✅ (4) Gracilaria
Q 30: Mannitol & laminarin are the stored food in
(1) Chlorophyceae
(2) Phaeophyceae
(3) Rhodophyceae
(4) All kinds of algae
✅ (2) Phaeophyceae
Q 31: r-phycoerythrin is found in
(1) Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae
(2) Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae
(3) Rhodophyceae only
(4) Phaeophyceae only
✅ (3) Rhodophyceae only
Q 32: Identify the figures given below:
(1) Polysiphonia & Porphyra respectively
(2) Porphyra & Polysiphonia respectively
(3) Polysiphonia & Gracilaria respectively
(4) Gracilaria & Porphyra respectively
✅ (2) Porphyra & Polysiphonia respectively
Q 33: Floridean starch is structurally very similar to
(1) Amylopectin and glycogen
(2) Inulin (Dahlia starch)
(3) Cellulose and hemicellulose
(4) Chitin
✅ (1) Amylopectin and glycogen
Q 34: In red algae, sexual reproduction is
(1) Isogamous
(2) Anisogamous
(3) Oogamous
(4) All of these
✅ (3) Oogamous
Q 35: Match the following:
A B C
(1) 3 2 1
(2) 2 1 3
(3) 3 1 2
(4) 2 3 1
✅ (4) 2 3 1
Topic 3: BRYOPHYTES
NEET: Previous Years Questions
Q 36: Given below are two statements: One labelled as Assertion A and the other labelled as Reason R:
Assertion A: The first stage of gametophyte in the life cycle of moss is protonema stage.
Reason R: Protonema develops directly from spores produced in capsule.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from options given below:
(1) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
(2) A is correct but R is not correct
(3) A is not correct but R is correct
(4) Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A (NEET 2023)
✅ (4) Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A
Q 37: Gemmae are present in:
(1) Mosses
(2) Pteridophytes
(3) Some Gymnosperms
(4) Some Liverworts (NEET 2021)
✅ (4) Some Liverworts
Model Questions
Q 38: Which group of plants is known as amphibians of the plant kingdom?
(1) Algae
(2) Bryophyta
(3) Pteridophyta
(4) Gymnosperms
✅ (2) Bryophyta
Q 39: Select the wrong statement from the following regarding Bryophytes.
(1) They can live in soil but need water for sexual reproduction.
(2) Their body is thallus-like and prostrate or erect, and attached to the substratum by unicellular or multicellular rhizoids.
(3) The body is more differentiated than algae and has true roots, stem or leaves.
(4) The main plant body is haploid.
✅ (3) The body is more differentiated than algae and has true roots, stem or leaves.
Q 40: The fuel peat is produced from a moss called
(1) Sphagnum
(2) Funaria
(3) Polytrichum
(4) Marchantia
✅ (1) Sphagnum
Q 41: One of the following is not a moss. Select it.
(1) Funaria
(2) Sphagnum
(3) Polytrichum
(4) Marchantia
✅ (4) Marchantia
Q 42: Which is correctly labelled?
(1) A= Antheridiophore B= Gemma cup C= Rhizoids
(2) A= Archegoniophore B= Gemma cup C= Rhizoids
(3) A= Gemma cup B= Archegoniophore C= Rhizoids
(4) A= Gemma cup B= Antheridiophore C= Rhizoids
✅ (2) A= Archegoniophore B= Gemma cup C= Rhizoids
Q 43: Regarding asexual reproduction in liverworts, which is true statement?
(1) Asexual reproduction is by fragmentation of thalli, or by the formation of gemmae.
(2) Gemmae are green, multicellular, asexual buds that develop in small receptacles called gemma cups on the thalli.
(3) Gemmae are detached from the parent body and germinate to form new individuals.
(4) All are true statements.
✅ (4) All are true statements.
Topic 4: PTERIDOPHYTES
NEET: Previous Years Questions
Q 44: Identify the pair of heterosporous pteridophytes among the following:
(1) Selaginella and Salvinia
(2) Psilotum and Salvinia
(3) Equisetum and Salvinia
(4) Lycopodium and Selaginella (NEET 2023)
✅ (1) Selaginella and Salvinia
Q 45: Genera like Selaginella and Salvinia produce two kinds of spores. Such plants are known as:
(1) Homosorus
(2) Heterosorus
(3) Homosporous
(4) Heterosporous (NEET 2021)
✅ (4) Heterosporous
Q 46: Strobili or cones are found in:
(1) Marchantia
(2) Equisetum
(3) Salvinia
(4) Pteris (NEET 2020)
✅ (2) Equisetum
Q 47: From evolutionary point of view, retention of the female gametophyte with developing young embryo on the parent sporophyte for some time, is first observed in: (NEET 2019)
(1) Liverworts
(2) Mosses
(3) Pteridophytes
(4) Gymnosperms
✅ (3) Pteridophytes
Q 48: In bryophytes and pteridophytes, transport of male gametes requires
(1) birds
(2) water
(3) wind
(4) insects (NEET‐I 2016)
✅ (2) water
Model Questions
Q 49: Observe the following figure and select correct option.
(1) It represents Sphagnum belonging to Mosses
(2) It represents Selaginella belonging to Mosses
(3) It represents Selaginella belonging to Lycopsida
(4) It represents Sphagnum belonging to Lycopsida
✅ (3) It represents Selaginella belonging to Lycopsida
Q 50: Given below is the four classes of Pteridophyta and examples for each. Match them correctly.
A B C D
(1) 2 1 4 3
(2) 2 4 3 1
(3) 2 3 1 4
(4) 2 3 4 1
✅ (4) 2 3 4 1
Q 51: In pteridophytes, the spores germinate to give rise to inconspicuous, small, multicellular, free-living, mostly photosynthetic thalloid gametophytes called
(1) Prothallus
(2) Sporangia
(3) Antheridia
(4) Archegonia
✅ (1) Prothallus
Q 52: In bryophytes and pteridophytes,
(1) The dominant phase is gametophyte.
(2) The dominant phase is sporophyte.
(3) The dominant phase is gametophyte & sporophyte respectively.
(4) The dominant phase is sporophyte & gametophyte respectively.
✅ (3) The dominant phase is gametophyte & sporophyte respectively.
Q 53: In Selaginella & Equisetum, sporophylls form distinct compact structures called
(1) Prothallaus
(2) Strobili or cones
(3) Microphylls
(4) Macrophylls
✅ (2) Strobili or cones
Q 54: Most of the pteridophytes are
(1) Homosporous
(2) Heterosporous
(3) Both homosporous and heterosporous
(4) Neither homosporous nor heterosporous
✅ (1) Homosporous
Topic 5: GYMNOSPERMS
NEET: Previous Years Questions
Q 55: Given below are two statements: One labelled as Assertion A and the other labelled as Reason R:
Assertion A: In gymnosperms, the pollen grains are released from the microsporangium and carried by air currents.
Reason R: Air currents carry the pollen grains to the mouth of the archegonia where the male gametes are discharged and pollen tube is not formed.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the current explanation of A
(2) A is true but R is false
(3) A is false but R is true
(4) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (NEET 2023)
✅ (2) A is true but R is false
Q 56: Pinus seed cannot germinate and establish without fungal association. This is because: (NEET 2019)
(1) its embryo is immature
(2) it has obligate association with mycorrhizae.
(3) it has very hard seed coat.
(4) its seeds contain inhibitors that prevent germination.
✅ (2) it has obligate association with mycorrhizae.
Q 57: Winged pollen grains are present in
(1) Mustard
(2) Cycas
(3) Mango
(4) Pinus (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) Pinus
Q 58: Which of the following statements is correct?
(1) Ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall in gymnosperms
(2) Selaginella is heterosporous, while Salvinia is homosporous
(3) Horsetail are gymnosperms
(4) Stems are usually unbranched in both Cycas and Cedrus (NEET 2018)
✅ (1) Ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall in gymnosperms
Q 59: Select the mismatch.
(1) Cycas − Dioecious
(2) Salvinia − Heterosporous
(3) Equisetum − Homosporous
(4) Pinus – Dioecious (NEET 2017)
✅ (4) Pinus – Dioecious
Q 60: Conifers are adapted to tolerate extreme environmental conditions because of
(1) broad hardy leaves
(2) superficial stomata
(3) thick cuticle
(4) presence of vessels (NEET‐II 2016)
✅ (3) thick cuticle
Q 61: Select the correct statement.
(1) Sequoia is one of the tallest trees.
(2) The leaves of gymnosperms are not well adapted to extremes of climate.
(3) Gymnosperms are both homosporous and heterosporous.
(4) Salvinia, Ginkgo and Pinus all are gymnosperms. (NEET‐I 2016)
✅ (1) Sequoia is one of the tallest trees.
Model Questions
Q 62: Gymnosperms are the plants in which
(1) The ovules are enclosed by ovary wall and remain exposed before fertilization.
(2) The ovules are enclosed by ovary wall and remain exposed before and after fertilization.
(3) The ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall and remain exposed before and after fertilization.
(4) The ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall and remain exposed before fertilization.
✅ (3) The ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall and remain exposed before and after fertilization.
Q 63: The tallest gymnosperm is
(1) Cycas
(2) Sequoia
(3) Pinus
(4) Cedrus
✅ (2) Sequoia
Q 64: In plants like Cycas, small specialized roots are associated with N2- fixing cyanobacteria. Such roots are called
(1) Coralloid roots
(2) Prop roots
(3) Stilt roots
(4) Adventitious roots
✅ (1) Coralloid roots
Q 65: Microsporophyll bearing cone of Pinus can be compared to
(1) Male flower of an angiosperm
(2) Stamen of angiosperm
(3) Anther of an angiosperm
(4) A male inflorescence of an angiosperm
✅ (1) Male flower of an angiosperm
Q 66: Megasporophyll are arranged spirally and acropetaly on the central axis of the female cone of Pinus bear:
(1) 4 megasporangia on abaxial side
(2) 2 megasporangia on adaxial side
(3) 2 megasporangia on abaxial side
(4) 4 megasporangia on ventral side
✅ (2) 2 megasporangia on adaxial side
Q 67: Endosperm of gymnosperm is ------------ and it is a ----------- product.
(1) Diploid, post-fertilization
(2) Haploid, pre-fertilization
(3) Triploid, post-fertilization
(4) Diploid, pre-fertilization
✅ (2) Haploid, pre-fertilization
Q 68: Anemophily is the rule in
(1) Pteridophytes
(2) Gymnosperms
(3) Angiosperms
(4) Monocots
✅ (2) Gymnosperms
Topic 6: ANGIOSPERMS (FLOWERING PLANTS)
NEET: Previous Years Questions
Q 69: In angiosperm, the haploid, diploid and triploid structures of a fertilized embryo sac sequentially are:
(1) Antipodals, synergids, and primary endosperm nucleus
(2) Synergids, Zygote and Primary endosperm nucleus
(3) Synergids, antipodals and Polar nuclei
(4) Synergids, Primary endosperm nucleus and zygote (NEET 2023)
✅ (2) Synergids, Zygote and Primary endosperm nucleus
Model Questions
Q 70: Double fertilization means fusion of
(1) One antipodal cell with egg cell and one synergid cell with antipodal cell
(2) One of the polar nuclei and a male gamete and the egg and male gamete
(3) One of the male gametes with the secondary nucleus and the other male gamete with the egg
(4) One male gamete with polar nuclei and the other with one of the antipodals
✅ (3) One of the male gametes with the secondary nucleus and the other male gamete with the egg
Q 71: A plant with 24 chromosomes in microspore mother cell shall have ------ number of chromosomes in its endosperm (angiosperm).
(1) 24
(2) 12
(3) 36
(4) 48
✅ (3) 36
Topic 7: PLANT LIFE CYCLES AND ALTERNATION OF GENERATIONS
NEET: Previous Years Questions
Q 72: Zygotic meiosis is characteristic of
(1) Fucus
(2) Funaria
(3) Chlamydomonas
(4) Marchantia (NEET 2017)
✅ (3) Chlamydomonas
Q 73: Life cycles of Ectocarpus and Fucus respectively are
(1) diplontic, haplodiplontic
(2) haplodiplontic, diplontic
(3) haplodiplontic, haplontic
(4) haplontic, diplontic. (NEET 2017)
✅ (2) haplodiplontic, diplontic
Model Questions
Q 74: Given below are some statements regarding haplontic pattern of plant life cycle.
Of these,
1. In this, sporophytic generation is represented only by the zygote.
2. There are no free-living sporophytes.
3. Zygote undergoes mitosis to form haploid spores.
4. They divide meiotically to form gametophyte.
5. The dominant, photosynthetic phase is the free-living gametophyte.
6. Algae such as Volvox, Spirogyra and some species of Chlamydomonas show haplontic life cycle.
Of these,
(1) Statements 1, 4 and 6 are false
(2) Statements 2 and 3 are false
(3) Statements 3 and 4 are false
(4) Statements 3, 4 and 5 are false
✅ (3) Statements 3 and 4 are false
Q 75: The figure given below represents
(1) Haplontic life cycle as seen in Volvox
(2) Diplontic life cycle as seen in gymnosperms & angiosperms.
(3) Haplo-diplontic life cycle as seen in Bryophytes & Pteridophytes
(4) Haplo-diplontic life cycle as seen in gymnosperms & angiosperms
✅ (2) Diplontic life cycle as seen in gymnosperms & angiosperms.
Awesome questions
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