NEET Topic-wise & A
Topic 1: HUMAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
NEET: Previous Years Questions
01. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: FSH acts upon ovarian follicles in female and Leydig cells in male.
Reason R: Growing ovarian follicles secrete estrogen in female while interstitial cells secrete androgen in male human being.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(2) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(3) A is true but R is false
(4) A is false but R is true (NEET 2024)
✅ (4) A is false but R is true
02. Match List I with List II:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
(2) A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
(3) A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
(4) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II (NEET 2024)
✅ (4) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
03. Which of the following are NOT under the control of thyroid hormone? (NEET 2023)
A. Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance
B. Regulation of basal metabolic rate
C. Normal rhythm of sleep-wake cycle
D. Development of immune system
E. Support the process of RBCs formation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:(1) B and C only(2) C and D only(3) D and E only(4) A and D only
✅ (2) C and D only
04. Select the correct statement.
(1) Insulin acts on pancreatic cells and adipocytes.
(2) Insulin is associated with hyperglycemia.
(3) Glucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis.
(4) Glucagon is associated with hypoglycemia. (NEET 2020)
✅ (3) Glucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis.
05. Which of the following hormone levels will cause release of ovum (ovulation) from the Graafian follicle?
(1) Low concentration of LH
(2) Low concentration of FSH
(3) High concentration of Estrogen
(4) High concentration of Progesterone (NEET 2020)
✅ (3) High concentration of Estrogen
06. Match the following columns and select the correct option. (NEET 2020)
✅ (1) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
07. Match the following hormones with the respective disease: (NEET 2019)
Select the correct option.
✅ (3) (v) (iv) (i) (iii)
08. Which of the following hormones can play a significant role in osteoporosis?
(1) Aldosterone and Prolactin
(2) Progesterone and Aldosterone
(3) Estrogen and Parathyroid hormones
(4) Parathyroid hormones and Prolactin (NEET 2018)
✅ (3) Estrogen and Parathyroid hormones
09. GnRH, a hypothalamic hormone, needed in reproduction, acts on
(1) anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and FSH
(2) posterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of oxytocin and FSH
(3) posterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and Relaxin
(4) anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and oxytocin (NEET 2017)
✅ (1) anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and FSH
10. Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults does not cause further increase in height, because
(1) epiphyseal plates close after adolescence
(2) bones loose their sensitivity to growth hormone in adults
(3) muscle fibres do not grow in size after birth
(4) growth hormone becomes inactive in adults. (NEET 2017)
✅ (1) epiphyseal plates close after adolescence
11. A temporary endocrine gland in the human body is
(1) corpus cardiacum
(2) corpus luteum
(3) corpus allatum
(4) pineal gland (NEET 2017)
✅ (2) corpus luteum
12. Graves’ disease is caused due to
(1) hyposecretion of thyroid gland
(2) hypersecretion of thyroid gland
(3) hyposecretion of adrenal gland
(4) hypersecretion of adrenal gland (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (2) hypersecretion of thyroid gland
13. Name a peptide hormone which acts mainly on hepatocytes, adipocytes and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilisation.
(1) Insulin
(2) Glucagon
(3) Secretin
(4) Gastrin (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (1) Insulin
14. The posterior pituitary gland is not a ‘true’ endocrine gland because
(1) it is provided with a duct
(2) it only stores and releases hormones
(3) it is under the regulation of hypothalamus
(4) it secretes enzymes. (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (2) it only stores and releases hormones
15. Which of the following pairs of hormones are not antagonistic (having opposite effects) to each other?
(1) Aldosterone, Atrial Natriuretic Factor
(2) Relaxin, Inhibin
(3) Parathormone, Calcitonin
(4) Insulin, Glucagon (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (2) Relaxin, Inhibin
Model Questions
16. Which of the following is the correct definition of hormones?
(1) They are non-nutrients that act as intracellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts
(2) They are nutrients that act as intercellular messengers and are produced in moderate amounts
(3) They are non-nutrients that act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts
(4) They are nutrients that act as intracellular messengers and are produced in moderate amounts
✅ (3) They are non-nutrients that act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts
17. GnRH stimulates
(1) Gonads
(2) Pituitary
(3) Hypothalamus
(4) Adrenal cortex
✅ (1) Gonads
18. Odd man out.
(1) ADH
(2) GH
(3) ACTH
(4) LH
✅ (1) ADH
19. Gigantism and acromegaly are due to
(1) Hyperpituitarism
(2) Hypothyroidism
(3) Hypopituitarism
(4) Hyperthyroidism
✅ (1) Hyperpituitarism
20. Regarding the figure, choose the correct statement.
(1) It is the figure showing thalamus & hypothalamus.
(2) It is an example for portal circulation in human body.
(3) It is a most important centre of body equilibrium.
(4) Adrenaline and noradrenaline are secreted by this.
✅ (2) It is an example for portal circulation in human body.
21. Given below are some statements related to pituitary. Select the wrong one.
(1) Pituitary gland is the smallest endocrine gland found in sella tursica.
(2) Pituitary gland secretes most kinds of hormones.
(3) Adenohypophysis is the anterior part of pituitary gland which is again divided into pars distalis and pars intermedia.
(4) Pituitary gland produces oxytocin and ADH and stores them in posterior lobe.
✅ (4) Pituitary gland produces oxytocin and ADH and stores them in posterior lobe.
22. Oxytocin (OT) is concerned with
(1) Uterine contraction that results in delivery
(2) Uterine contraction and milk production
(3) Milk ejection and milk production
(4) Uterine contraction and milk ejection
✅ (4) Uterine contraction and milk ejection
23. To yield more milk, cow is injected with
(1) Sorbitol
(2) Prolactin
(3) Gonadotrophins
(4) Sterol
✅ (2) Prolactin
24. If pituitary is surgically removed, blood level of sodium falls and that of potassium rises up due to
(1) Fact that LTH from pituitary is no longer available
(2) Atrophy of adrenal medulla
(3) Atrophy of adrenal cortex
(4) Fact that oxytocin from pituitary is no longer available
✅ (3) Atrophy of adrenal cortex
25. If ADH level of blood is less, then
(1) Volume of urine increases
(2) Glucose level of urine increases
(3) Volume of urine decreases
(4) Glucose level urine decreases
✅ (1) Volume of urine increases
26. Which is not related with thyroxin?
(1) BMR
(2) Brain development
(3) Fight or flight
(4) Iodine
✅ (3) Fight or flight
27. Enlargement of thyroid gland, protruded eyeballs, increased BMR & weight loss are the symptoms of
(1) Addison’s disease
(2) Cretinism
(3) Exophthalmic goiter
(4) Acromegaly
✅ (3) Exophthalmic goiter
28. Select the option which is not the function of PTH.
(1) Decreases Ca²⁺ level in blood so called as hypocalcaemic hormone.
(2) Stimulates bone resorption (demineralization).
(3) Stimulates the reabsorption of Ca²⁺ by the renal tubules and increases Ca²⁺ absorption from the digested food.
(4) Along with TCT, it helps in calcium balance in body.
✅ (1) Decreases Ca²⁺ level in blood so called as hypocalcaemic hormone.
29. Which of the following is associated with ageing?
(1) Islets of Langerhans
(2) Thyroid
(3) Parathyroid
(4) Thymus
✅ (4) Thymus
30. Consider the following statements.
a. Islets of Langerhans is the endocrine part of pancreas which constitute 1-2% pancreatic tissue
b. By the action of insulin, glucose from hepatocytes & adipocytes rapidly moves to blood
c. α cells and β cells in the islets secrete Glucagon and Insulin respectively
d. Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to Diabetes insipidus
(1) a & d are correct
(2) a, b & c are correct
(3) b, c & d are correct
(4) a & c are correct
✅ (4) a & c are correct
31. Analyze the following pairs.
a. Rennin - JG cells
b. TCT - Calcium level
c. Graafian cells - Estrogen
d. β cells - Insulin
Which is unrelated?
(1) b & d
(2) a & c
(3) a & d
(4) b & c
✅ (3) a & d
32. The correct sequence of the layers of adrenal cortex from inner to outer is
(1) Zona fasciculata, zona glomerulosa & zona reticularis
(2) Zona glomerulosa, zona reticularis & zona fasciculata
(3) Zona fasciculata, zona reticularis & zona glomerulosa
(4) Zona reticularis, zona fasciculata & zona glomerulosa
✅ (4) Zona reticularis, zona fasciculata & zona glomerulosa
33. Which statement is not true regarding the figure given?
(1) It has a great role in coping with stress emergency situation
(2) It is concerned with anti-inflammatory reactions and suppress immune response
(3) It contains α cells and β cells that secrete Glucagon and Insulin respectively
(4) It produces Androgenic corticoids for growth of axial hair, pubic hair and facial hair during puberty
✅ (3) It contains α cells and β cells that secrete Glucagon and Insulin respectively
34. In Cushing’s syndrome, there is
(1) An increase in blood glucose level
(2) Hypertrophy of the skeletal muscles
(3) A fall in plasma cortisol
(4) A thickening of the skin
✅ (1) An increase in blood glucose level
35. Which is not the suitable fact about adrenaline?
(1) Emergency hormone
(2) Increase salivation
(3) Dilates pupil
(4) Causes piloerection
✅ (2) Increase salivation
36. Hypersecretion of sex corticoids in female causes
(1) Addison’s disease
(2) Adrenal virilism
(3) Eunuchoidism
(4) Conn’s syndrome
✅ (2) Adrenal virilism
37. Match the column I with column II:
(1) a – iv, b – iii, c – ii, d – i
(2) a – ii, b – i, c – iv, d – iii
(3) a – ii, b – iii, c – iv, d – i
(4) a – iii, b – iv, c – i, d – ii
✅ (4) a – iii, b – iv, c – i, d – ii
38. Match the source gland with its respective hormone as well as the function.
✅ (1) Posterior pituitary - Vasopressin - Stimulates water reabsorption in distal tubules of nephron
39. Match the column I with column II:
(1) a – iv, b – iii, c – i, d – ii
(2) a – ii, b – i, c – iv, d – iii
(3) a – ii, b – iii, c – iv, d – i
(4) a – iii, b – iv, c – i, d – ii
✅ (1) a – iv, b – iii, c – i, d – ii
40. The hormones with synergic effect are
(1) Estrogen, progesterone, prolactin & oxytocin
(2) Calcitonin & PTH
(3) Insulin & glucagon
(4) Glucagon & cortisol
✅ (1) Estrogen, progesterone, prolactin & oxytocin
41. Choose the incorrect combination from the following related to chemical nature of hormones.
(1) Steroid: Corticoids & Sex hormones
(2) Proteins: Cortisol & androgens
(3) Amino acid derivatives: adrenaline, nor-adrenaline & thyroxin
(4) Polypeptides: Vasopressin, Oxytocin, Insulin, Glucagon
✅ (2) Proteins: Cortisol & androgens
Topic 2: HORMONES OF HEART, KIDNEY & GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, MECHANISM OF HORMONE ACTION
NEET: Previous Years Questions
42. Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?
(1) Cortisol
(2) Testosterone
(3) Progesterone
(4) Glucagon (NEET 2024)
✅ (4) Glucagon
43. Match List I with List II.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
(2) A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
(3) A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
(4) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I (NEET 2023)
✅ (4) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
44. Erythropoietin hormone which stimulates RBC formation is produced by:
(1) Alpha cells of pancreas
(2) The cells of rostral adenohypophysis
(3) The cells of bone marrow
(4) Juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney (NEET 2021)
✅ (4) Juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney
45. How does steroid hormone influence the cellular activities? (NEET 2019)
(1) Changing the permeability of the cell membrane.
(2) Binding to DNA and forming a gene-hormone complex.
(3) Activating cyclic AMP located on the cell membrane.
(4) Using aquaporin channels as second messenger.
✅ (2) Binding to DNA and forming a gene-hormone complex.
46. Which of the following is an amino acid derived hormone?
(1) Epinephrine
(2) Ecdysone
(3) Estradiol
(4) Estriol (NEET 2018)
✅ (1) Epinephrine
Model Questions
47. Erythropoietin is secreted by
(1) Pituitary gland
(2) Liver
(3) Kidney
(4) Adrenal gland
✅ (3) Kidney
48. Which is not gastrointestinal hormone?
(1) Gastrin
(2) Secretin
(3) Cholecystokinin
(4) Insulin
✅ (4) Insulin
49. Which is the correct sequence of hormone action?
(1) Hormone → first response → binds to receptors in cell membrane → biochemical response → generation of cyclic AMP or Ca²⁺ → physiological responses
(2) Hormone → binds to receptors in cell membrane → first response → generation of cyclic AMP or Ca²⁺ → biochemical response → physiological responses
(3) Hormone → physiological responses → binds to receptors in cell membrane → first response → biochemical response → generation of cyclic AMP or Ca²⁺
(4) Hormone → generation of cyclic AMP or Ca²⁺ → binds to receptors in cell membrane → first response → physiological responses → biochemical response
✅ (2) Hormone → binds to receptors in cell membrane → first response → generation of cyclic AMP or Ca²⁺ → biochemical response → physiological responses
50. Receptors of protein hormones are found
(1) Inside nucleus
(2) Inside cytoplasm
(3) On surface of ER
(4) On all cell surface
✅ (4) On all cell surface
51. One of the statements given below is incorrect concerned with the hormones that interact with intracellular receptors. Identify it.
(1) Androgens, thyroxine etc. are examples for the hormones that interact with intracellular receptors
(2) Binding of hormone with receptors causes the production of second messenger
(3) They mostly regulate gene expression or chromosome function
(4) Due to the action of hormone in DNA, transcription and translation occurs
✅ (2) Binding of hormone with receptors causes the production of second messenger
52. Which of the following can act as second messengers during hormone action?
(1) Ca²⁺ ions
(2) Cyclic AMP
(3) IP3
(4) All the above
✅ (4) All the above