NEET Topic-wise & A
Topic 1: INTRODUCTION
NEET: Previous Years Questions
01: The concept of ‘Omnis cellula-e cellula’ regarding cell division was first proposed by: (NEET 2019)
(1) Rudolf Virchow
(2) Theodore Schwann
(3) Schleiden
(4) Aristotle
✅ (1) Rudolf Virchow
Model Questions
02: Chief advantage of multicellularity over unicellular organization is
(1) Attainment of larger size
(2) Ability to succeed in struggle for existence
(3) Better adaptation in relation to environment
(4) Division of labour
✅ (4) Division of labour
03: The scientist who first observed and described a live cell is
(1) Robert Hooke
(2) Leeuwenhoek
(3) Schleiden
(4) Schwann
✅ (2) Leeuwenhoek
04: Cell theory was formulated by
(1) Matthias Schleiden & Theodore Schwann
(2) Rudolf Virchow
(3) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
(4) Robert Brown
✅ (1) Matthias Schleiden & Theodore Schwann
05: Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(1) Schleiden observed that all plants are composed of various types of cells.
(2) Schwann proposed that animals and plants are composed of cells and cell products.
(3) Schleiden found that plant cells have cell wall.
(4) Rudolf Virchow proposed the concept of Omnis cellula-e cellula.
✅ (3) Schleiden found that plant cells have cell wall.
06: All cells contain
(1) Cytoplasm and mitochondria
(2) Lysosomes and ribosomes
(3) Cytoplasm and ribosomes
(4) Nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum
✅ (3) Cytoplasm and ribosomes
07: Size of bacteria may be
(1) 30 to 50 µm
(2) 300 to 500 µm
(3) 0.3 to 0.5 µm
(4) 3 to 5 µm
✅ (4) 3 to 5 µm
Topic 2: PROKARYOTIC CELLS
NEET: Previous Years Questions
08: Which of the following statements about inclusion bodies is incorrect?
(1) They lie free in the cytoplasm.
(2) These represent reserve material in cytoplasm.
(3) They are not bound by any membrane.
(4) These are involved in ingestion of food particles. (NEET 2020)
✅ (4) These are involved in ingestion of food particles.
09: Many ribosomes may associate with a single mRNA to form multiple copies of a polypeptide simultaneously. Such strings of ribosomes are termed as (NEET 2018)
(1) Polysomes
(2) Polyhedral bodies
(2) Plastidome
(4) Nucleosome
✅ (1) Polysomes
10: Select the wrong statement. (NEET-II 2016)
(1) Bacterial cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan.
(2) Pili and fimbriae are mainly involved in motility of bacterial cells.
(3) Cyanobacteria lack flagellated cells.
(4) Mycoplasma is a wall-less microorganism.
✅ (2) Pili and fimbriae are mainly involved in motility of bacterial cells.
Model Questions
11: Consider the following statements about ribosomes.
i. Ribosomes are non-membrane bound organelles.
ii. Ribosomes are seen in cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria and on RER.
iii. In prokaryotes, ribosomes are 80 S type.
iv. They are site of translation process.
Of these,
(1) All statements are correct
(2) All statements except iii are correct
(3) Statements i & ii only correct
(4) All statements are incorrect
✅ (2) All statements except iii are correct
12: Match the following:
1 2 3 4
(1) B C D A
(2) C D A B
(3) A C B D
(4) D A B C
✅ (1) B C D A
13: Correct order of layers of cell envelope in prokaryotic cells from inner to outer is
(1) Plasma membrane, cell wall, glycocalyx
(2) Glycocalyx, cell wall, Plasma membrane
(3) Plasma membrane, glycocalyx, cell wall
(4) Cell wall, Plasma membrane, glycocalyx
✅ (1) Plasma membrane, cell wall, glycocalyx
14: Which of the following has no prokaryotic cell?
(1) Bacteria
(2) PPLO
(3) Amoeba
(4) Blue green algae
✅ (3) Amoeba
15: Analyze the following statements about extension structures in prokaryotic cells
i. Flagella are thin filamentous extensions having filament, hook and basal body from the cell wall.
ii. Hook is the longest portion of flagellum.
iii. Pili and fimbriae have no role in motility.
iv. Fimbriae are small bristle like fibres made up of pilin.
Of these,
(1) Statements i and iii are wrong
(2) Statements i and ii are wrong
(3) Statements i, ii and iv are wrong
(4) Statements ii and iv are wrong
✅ (4) Statements ii and iv are wrong
16: Polysomes are
(1) Several lysosomes attached to a single mRNA to form a chain
(2) Several ribosomes attached to a single tRNA to form a chain
(3) Several ribosomes attached to a single mRNA to form a chain
(4) Several lysosomes attached to a single tRNA to form a chain
✅ (3) Several ribosomes attached to a single mRNA to form a chain
Topic 3: EUKARYOTIC CELLS
NEET: Previous Years Questions
17: The DNA present in chloroplast is: (NEET 2024)
(1) Linear, double stranded
(2) Circular, double stranded
(3) Linear, single stranded
(4) Circular, single stranded
✅ (2) Circular, double stranded
18: Given below are two statements: (NEET 2024)
Statement I: Mitochondria and chloroplasts both double membranes bound organelles.
Statement II: Inner membrane of mitochondria is relatively less permeable, as compared chloroplast.
In the light of the above statements, choose the misappropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
(2) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
(3) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
(4) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
✅ (3) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
19: Match List I with List II. (NEET 2024)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
(2) A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
(3) A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
(4) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
✅ (1) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
20: Match List I with List II: (NEET 2024)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
(2) A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
(3) A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
(4) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
✅ (4) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
21: Movement and accumulation of ions across a membrane against their concentration gradient can be explained by (NEET 2023)
(1) Facilitated Diffusion
(2) Passive Transport
(3) Active Transport
(4) Osmosis
✅ (3) Active Transport
22: Which of the following are NOT considered as the part of endomembrane system? (NEET 2023)
A. Mitochondria
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Chloroplasts
D. Golgi complex
E. Peroxisomes
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) A, C and E only
(2) A and D only
(3) A, D and E only
(4) B and D only
✅ (1) A, C and E only
23: How many different proteins does the ribosome consist of? (NEET 2023)
(1) 60
(2) 40
(3) 20
(4) 80
✅ (4) 80
24: Which of the following functions is carried out by cytoskeleton in a cell? (NEET 2023)
(1) Protein synthesis
(2) Motility
(3) Transportation
(4) Nuclear division
✅ (2) Motility
25: The organelles that are included in the endomembrane system are: (NEET 2021)
(1) Endoplasmic reticulum, Mitochondria, Ribosomes and Lysosomes
(2) Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, Lysosomes and Vacuoles
(3) Golgi complex, Mitochondria, Ribosomes and Lysosomes
(4) Golgi complex, Endoplasmic reticulum, Mitochondria and Lysosomes
✅ (2) Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, Lysosomes and Vacuoles
26: When the centromere is situated in the middle of two equal arms of chromosomes, the chromosome is referred as: (NEET 2021)
(1) Metacentric
(2) Telocentric
(3) Sub-metacentric
(4) Acrocentric
✅ (1) Metacentric
27: Match List -I with List - II. (NEET 2021)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(1) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(2) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(3) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(4) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
✅ (3) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
28: Which is the important site of formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids in eukaryotic cells?
(1) Golgi bodies
(2) Polysomes
(3) Endoplasmic reticulum
(4) Peroxisomes (NEET 2020)
✅ (1) Golgi bodies
29: Which of the following statements is not correct?
(1) Lysosomes have numerous hydrolytic enzymes.
(2) The hydrolytic enzymes of lysosomes are active under acidic pH.
(3) Lysosomes are membrane bound structures.
(4) Lysosomes are formed by the process of packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum. (NEET 2019)
✅ (4) Lysosomes are formed by the process of packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum.
30: Which of the following pair of organelles does not contain DNA? (NEET 2019)
(1) Mitochondria and Lysosomes
(2) Chloroplast and Vacuoles
(3) Lysosomes and Vacuoles
(4) Nuclear envelope and Mitochondria
✅ (3) Lysosomes and Vacuoles
31: Which of the following statements regarding mitochondria is incorrect? (NEET 2019)
(1) Outer membrane is permeable to monomers of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
(2) Enzymes of electron transport are embedded in outer membrane.
(3) Inner membrane is convoluted with infoldings.
(4) Mitochondrial matrix contains single circular DNA molecule and ribosomes.
✅ (2) Enzymes of electron transport are embedded in outer membrane.
32: The shorter and longer arms of a sub-metacentric chromosome are referred to as
(1) s-arm and l-arm respectively
(2) p-arm and q-arm respectively
(3) q-arm and p-arm respectively
(4) m-arm and n-arm respectively (NEET 2019)
✅ (2) p-arm and q-arm respectively
33: Which of the following is true for nucleolus?
(1) Larger nucleoli are present in dividing cells
(2) It is a membrane-bound structure
(3) It takes part in spindle formation
(4) It is a site for active ribosomal RNA synthesis (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) It is a site for active ribosomal RNA synthesis
34: Select the incorrect match. (NEET 2018)
(1) Lamp brush chromosomes - Diplotene bivalents
(2) Allosomes - Sex chromosomes
(3) Submetacentric chromosome - L-shaped chromosomes
(4) Polytene chromosome - Oocytes of amphibians
✅ (4) Polytene chromosome - Oocytes of amphibians
35: Which of the following events does not occur on RER?
(1) Protein folding
(2) Protein glycosylation
(3) Cleavage of signal peptide
(4) Phospholipid synthesis (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) Phospholipid synthesis
36: The Golgi complex participate in
(1) Fatty acid breakdown
(2) Formation of secretory vesicles
(3) Respiration in bacteria
(4) Activation of amino acids (NEET 2018)
✅ (2) Formation of secretory vesicles
37: Which of the following cell organelles is responsible for extracting energy from carbohydrates to form ATP? (NEET 2017)
(1) Ribosome
(2) Chloroplast
(3) Mitochondrion
(4) Lysosome
✅ (3) Mitochondrion
38: Select the mismatch.
(1) Gas vacuoles – Green bacteria
(2) Large central vacuoles – Animal cells
(3) Protists – Eukaryotes
(4) Methanogens – Prokaryotes (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (2) Large central vacuoles – Animal cells
39: A cell organelle containing hydrolytic enzymes is
(1) lysosome
(2) microsome
(3) ribosome
(4) mesosome (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (1) lysosome
40: Mitochondria and chloroplast are
a. semi-autonomous organelles
b. formed by division of pre-existing organelles and they contain DNA but lack protein synthesising machinery.
Which one of the following options is correct?
(1) a is true but b is false.
(2) Both a and b are false.
(3) Both a and b are correct.
(4) (b) is true but (a) is false. (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (1) a is true but b is false.
41: Microtubules are the constituents of
(1) centrioles, spindle fibres and chromatin
(2) centrosome, nucleosome and centrioles
(3) cilia, flagella and peroxisomes
(4) spindle fibres, centrioles and cilia (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (4) spindle fibres, centrioles and cilia
42: Which one of the following cell organelles is enclosed by a single membrane? (NEET-I 2016)
(1) Lysosomes
(2) Nuclei
(3) Mitochondria
(4) Chloroplasts
✅ (1) Lysosomes
43: Water soluble pigments found in plant cell vacuoles are (NEET-I 2016)
(1) carotenoids
(2) anthocyanins
(3) xanthophylls
(4) chlorophylls
✅ (2) anthocyanins
Model Questions
44: Which of the following is correctly labelled?
(1) A = Ribosome, B= SER, C= Nucleolus, D= Golgi apparatus, E=Chloroplast, F= Microtubule
(2) A = Lysosome, B= SER, C= Nucleus, D= Golgi apparatus, E=Chloroplast, F= Centriole
(3) A = Microtubule, B= RER, C= Nucleolus, D= Golgi apparatus, E=Mitochondrion, F= lysosome
(4) A = Lysosome, B= RER, C= Nucleus, D= Golgi apparatus, E=Mitochondrion, F= Microtubule
✅ (4) A = Lysosome, B= RER, C= Nucleus, D= Golgi apparatus, E=Mitochondrion, F= Microtubule
45: Fluid Mosaic Model of cell membrane is proposed by
(1) George Palade
(2) Singer & Nicolson
(3) Robert Brown
(4) Camillo Golgi
✅ (2) Singer & Nicolson
46: In human RBC, the cell membrane has
(1) 52% protein and 40% lipids
(2) 40% protein and 52% lipids
(3) 32% protein and 65% lipids
(4) 65% protein and 32% lipids
✅ (1) 52% protein and 40% lipids
47: A: Polar molecules require membrane carrier protein for transport.
B: Polar molecules alone cannot pass through the non-polar lipid bilayer.
(1) A and B are correct and B is the correct explanation for A.
(2) A and B are correct and B is not correct explanation for A.
(3) A is correct but B is wrong.
(4) Both A and B are wrong.
✅ (1) A and B are correct and B is the correct explanation for A.
48: Given below are some statements about cell wall. Select the wrong statement.
(1) It is a living rigid structure found outer to the plasma membrane of fungi and plants
(2) Cell wall of Algae is made of cellulose, galactans, mannans and minerals like CaCO3.
(3) In other plants, cell wall consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins and proteins.
(4) Cell wall of a young plant cell (primary wall) is capable of growth.
✅ (1) It is a living rigid structure found outer to the plasma membrane of fungi and plants
49: Endomembrane system includes
(1) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Mitochondria, cell wall and vacuoles.
(2) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi complex, lysosomes and vacuoles.
(3) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi complex, Ribosomes and cell wall.
(4) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Mitochondria, lysosomes and cell wall.
✅ (2) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi complex, lysosomes and vacuoles.
50: Rough ER is
(1) ER which bears lysosomes on the surface and is involved in protein synthesis.
(2) ER which does not bear lysosomes on the surface and is involved in lipid synthesis.
(3) ER which bears ribosomes on the surface and is involved in protein synthesis.
(4) ER which does not bear ribosomes on the surface and is involved in lipid synthesis.
✅ (3) ER which bears ribosomes on the surface and is involved in protein synthesis.
51: The given figure is
(1) Mitochondria
(2) Golgi apparatus
(3) Chloroplast
(4) Endoplasmic reticulum
✅ (2) Golgi apparatus
52: A: Golgi apparatus remains in close association with the endoplasmic reticulum.
B: Materials to be packaged as vesicles from the ER fuse with the cis face and move towards the trans face of Golgi apparatus.
(1) A and B are correct and B is the correct explanation for A.
(2) A and B are correct and B is not correct explanation for A.
(3) A is correct but B is wrong.
(4) Both A and B are wrong.
✅ (1) A and B are correct and B is the correct explanation for A.
53: The membrane bound vesicular structures formed by the process of packaging in the Golgi apparatus is
(1) Mitochondria
(2) Vacuoles
(3) Lysosomes
(4) Plastids
✅ (3) Lysosomes
54: Select the false statement in relation to lysosomes.
(1) These are membrane bound vesicular structures.
(2) Lysosomes are called suicide bags of the cell.
(3) Lysosomal vesicles contain hydrolytic enzymes such as lipases, proteases and carbohydrases.
(4) Lysosomal enzymes are active at alkaline pH.
✅ (4) Lysosomal enzymes are active at alkaline pH.
55: Match the following:
1 2 3 4
(1) B C D A
(2) C D A B
(3) A C B D
(4) D A B C
✅ (2) C D A B
56: Match the following:
A B
1. Amyloplasts A. Oils and fats
2. Elaioplasts B. Proteins
3. Aleuroplasts C. Pigments
4. Chromoplasts D. Starch
1 2 3 4
(1) B C D A
(2) C D A B
(3) A C B D
(4) D A B C
✅ (4) D A B C
57: Which of the following is correctly labelled?
(1) A= Outer membrane, B= Crista, C= Matrix, D= Inter-membrane space, E= Inner membrane
(2) A= Outer membrane, B= Inner membrane, C= Matrix, D= Inter-membrane space, E= Crista
(3) A= Outer membrane, B= Inter-membrane space, C= Matrix, D= Inner membrane E= Crista
(4) A= Outer membrane, B= Inner membrane, C= Crista, D= Matrix, E= Inter-membrane space
✅ (2) A= Outer membrane, B= Inner membrane, C= Matrix, D= Inter-membrane space, E= Crista
58: Matrix of mitochondria possesses
(1) A circular DNA, a few RNA molecules, 70S ribosomes & components for protein synthesis.
(2) A circular DNA, a few RNA molecules, 80S ribosomes & components for lipid synthesis.
(3) A linear DNA, a few RNA molecules, 70S ribosomes & components for lipid synthesis.
(4) A linear DNA, a few RNA molecules, 80S ribosomes & components for protein synthesis.
✅ (1) A circular DNA, a few RNA molecules, 70S ribosomes & components for protein synthesis.
59: Select the odd one.
(1) Thylakoids
(2) Chloroplasts
(3) Crista
(4) Grana
✅ (3) Crista
60: Which is true statement regarding size of ribosomes in chloroplasts and cytoplasm?
(1) Cytoplasmic ribosomes are smaller (70S) than the Ribosomes of the chloroplasts (80S).
(2) Ribosomes of the chloroplasts are smaller (70S) than the cytoplasmic ribosomes (80S).
(3) Ribosomes of the chloroplasts and cytoplasmic ribosomes are equal sized and 80S type.
(4) Ribosomes of the chloroplasts and cytoplasmic ribosomes are equal sized and 70S type.
✅ (2) Ribosomes of the chloroplasts are smaller (70S) than the cytoplasmic ribosomes (80S).
61: In chloroplasts, Chlorophyll pigments are present in the
(1) Thylakoids
(2) Inner membrane
(3) Stroma
(4) Stroma and Grana
✅ (1) Thylakoids
62: Select the mismatching pair.
(1) George Palade – Chromatin
(2) Cytoskeleton – Mechanical support
(3) Axoneme – 9+2 array
(4) Nucleolus – rRNA synthesis
✅ (1) George Palade – Chromatin
63: To maintain surface area to volume ratio in a balanced state, some cells have acquired additional structures in the form of projections called
(1) Microtubules
(2) Microfilaments
(3) Microvilli
(4) Lamellation
✅ (3) Microvilli
64: Eukaryotic ribosome is
(1) 60S + 40S = 80S
(2) 50S + 30S = 70S
(3) 60S + 40S = 90S
(4) 50S + 30S = 80S
✅ (1) 60S + 40S = 80S
65: Pick out the false statement.
(1) In animal cells, plastids are absent
(2) In plant cells, centrioles are present
(3) In animal cells, small vacuoles are present
(4) In plant cells, lysosomes are rare
✅ (2) In plant cells, centrioles are present
66: Which one of the following sets of cells are lacking nucleus?
(1) Mammalian RBC, fibroblasts and sieve tube cells of vascular plants
(2) Mammalian RBC, platelets and sclerenchyma cells of vascular plants
(3) Mammalian RBC, platelets and sieve tube cells of vascular plants
(4) Mammalian RBC, macrophages & parenchyma cells of vascular plants
✅ (3) Mammalian RBC, platelets and sieve tube cells of vascular plants
67: Chromatin contains
(1) DNA, histones, lipids & carbohydrates
(2) DNA, RNA, carbohydrates & histones
(3) DNA, non-histone proteins & RNA only
(4) DNA, histones, non-histone proteins & RNA
✅ (4) DNA, histones, non-histone proteins & RNA
68: Primary constriction of chromosomes is called
(1) Centriole
(2) Centromere
(3) Nucleosome
(4) Satellite
✅ (2) Centromere
69: On the sides of centromere there are disc shaped structures known as
(1) Kinetochores
(2) Chromatins
(3) Chromatids
(4) Telomeres
✅ (1) Kinetochores
70: Match the following:
1 2 3 4
(1) B C D A
(2) C D A B
(3) A C B D
(4) D A B C
✅ (4) D A B C
71: The main arena of cellular activities in both the plant and animal cells is
(1) Nucleus
(2) Nucleolus
(3) Cytoplasm
(4) Endoplasmic reticulum
✅ (3) Cytoplasm
72: Regarding prokaryotes
1. Generally smaller and multiply more rapidly than the eukaryotic cells
2. Prokaryotes have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane
3. The fluid matrix filling the cell is the cytoplasm and there is no well-defined nucleus
4. The genetic material is basically naked, not enveloped by a nuclear membrane.
5. Many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA, called plasmid
6. Mesosome is the essentially infoldings of the cell membrane.
(1) Only 3 & 5 are correct
(2) Only 1,4 & 5 are correct
(3) Only 1, 2 & 3 are correct
(4) All are correct
✅ (4) All are correct