Disorders due to
hormone deficiency (Hyposecretion)
|
Name of disorder
|
Hyposecretion of
|
Symptoms
|
|
1. Acromicria
(in adults)
|
Somatotrophin
|
Bones of the face and extremities are small
and delicate.
|
|
2. Addison’s
disease
|
Aldosterone
|
Hypertension, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea,
low blood sugar, low plasma Na+, high plasma K+, increased urinary Na+ and bronze
like pigmentation of skin.
|
|
3. Cretinism
(in children)
|
Thyroxin
|
Retarded growth, low intelligence, delayed
sexual maturity.
|
|
4. Diabetes
insipidus
|
Vasopressin (ADH)
|
Enormous secretion of urine (polyuria),
excess thirst (polydypsia) etc
|
|
5. Diabetes
mellitus
|
Insulin
|
Hyperglycemia (high sugar level in blood), glycosuria
(sugar in urine), polyphagia (overeating), polydypsia (excess thirst) and polyuria
(frequent urination).
|
|
6. Dwarfism
|
Somatotrophin
|
Short in stature.
|
|
7. Myxoedema
(in adults)
|
Thyroxin
|
Physical sluggishness, mental dullness, low
metabolic rate, dry and coarse skin and puffy face.
|
|
8. Tetany
|
Parathormone (PTH)
|
Steep drop in blood calcium level, abnormal
rise in excitability of nerves and muscles, sustained and violent contraction
of muscles of face, larynx, hands and feet.
|
|
9. Eunuchoidism
|
Testosterone
|
Lack male secondary sexual characters, sterility
etc
|
Disorders due to excess hormone (Hypersecretion)
|
Name of disorder
|
Hypersecretion of
|
Symptoms
|
|
1. Acromegaly
(in adults)
|
Somatotrophin
|
Abnormal growth of bones of face, lower
jaw, hands and feet. Enlargement of internal organs such as lungs, spleen etc
|
|
2. Adrenal
virilism (in female)
|
Sex corticoid
|
Masculanization of females such as growth of
beards and moustaches and male voice etc.
|
|
3. Conn’s
syndrome
|
Aldosterone
|
Headache, Excessive
urination at night, Excessive thirst, Excessive
urination, Increased volume of blood, Increased
blood sodium level, High alkalinity of blood and body
fluids,
|
|
4. Cushing’s
syndrome
|
Cortisol
|
High blood sugar, obesity, deposition of fat
in the face, neck etc. rise in plasma Na+ and high BP. In acute condition it leads
to mental depression and impotency.
|
|
5.
Exophthalmic goiter (Grave’s disease)
|
Thyroxin
|
Hypertrophy of thyroid gland, increased
metabolism, high rate of heartbeat, bulging eyeballs, restlessness,
nervousness and loss of weight.
|
|
6. Gigantism
(in children)
|
Somatotrophin
|
Excessive height, extreme bone, muscle and
organ growth.
|
|
7. Hyperglycaemia
|
Glucagon
|
Polyphagia, Polydipsia, Polyuria, Blurred
vision, Fatigue (sleepiness), Weight loss
Poor wound healing (cuts, scrapes, etc.), Dry
mouth, Dry or itchy skin, Tingling in feet or heels, Erectile dysfunction, Recurrent
infections, external ear infections (swimmer's ear), Cardiac arrhythmia, Stupor,
Coma, Seizures
|
|
8. Insulin
shock
|
Insulin
|
Abnormal lowering of blood glucose (hypoglycemia),
sudden fall of body temperature, fatigue, tremors and unconsciousness.
|
|
9. Kidney
stone
|
Parathormone
|
Accumulation of calcium in blood and it precipitate
with phosphates to form kidney stones.
|
|
10. Osteitis
fibrosa cystica
|
Parathormone
|
Calcification of soft tissues like blood
vessels
|