CONTRIBUTION
|
DISCOVERED/ INVENTED
BY
|
1.
ABA (Abscisic acid)
|
Addicott
|
2.
Adrenalin
|
Schaffer, Oliver
|
3.
All living beings were arisen from primordial fluid
|
Anaximander (611-524 BC)
|
4.
Allopatric speciation: Observed its early stages
|
Ford E.B (1949)
|
5.
Amino acid sequence of protein
|
Sanger
|
6.
Amoeba
|
Roesel Von Rosenhof
|
7.
Anaerobic release of energy (Yeast & Mould)
|
Louis Pasteur (1878)
|
8.
Animal body is made up of cells
|
Theodor Schwann (1839)
|
9.
Animal cloning- First (frogs from tadpole cells)
|
Robert Briggs and Thomas King (1952)
|
10.
Animals start development as an egg
|
William Harvey
|
11.
Anthrax bacillus bacteria
|
Robert Koch (1876)
|
12.
Anthrax vaccine
|
Louis Pasteur
|
13.
Antibody against Rabies
|
Louis Pasteur
|
14.
Antitoxin against Diphtheria
|
Won Berring
|
15.
Archaeopteryx-
Identified the fossil
|
Leopold Cuvier
|
16.
Artificial antigen
|
Land Steiner
|
17.
Artificial gene
|
Hargovind Khorana (1969)
|
18.
Artificial heart
|
Michael dibake
|
19.
Artificial parthenogenesis
|
Loeb J. (1900)
|
20.
Artificial polyploidy
by blocking cell division using colchicine
|
Blakeslee A.F (1937)
|
21.
Artificial RNA
|
Severo Ochoa (1959; USA)
|
22.
Artificial system of classification
|
Aristotle
|
23.
Aspirin
|
Dresser
|
24.
Astral rays
|
Fol
|
25.
ATP
|
Lohmann K (1929)
|
26.
ATP Cycle
|
Lipmann
|
27.
ATP: Role in muscle contraction
|
Szent Cyorgyi (1941)
|
28.
Bacteria
|
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1683)
|
29.
Bacteria- First viral disease of bacteria
|
Twort F.W. (1915)
|
30.
Bacteria- Pure culture
|
Lister (1878)
|
31.
Bacteria: Transduction
|
Zinder & Lederberg
|
32.
Bacteria: Transformation
|
Avery O.T, Mc Leod C.M and Mc Carty M (1944)
|
33.
Bacteriophage
|
Towrt and De Herelle (1915)
|
34.
Barr body (sex chromatin)
|
Barr and Bertram (1949)
|
35.
BCG vaccine
|
Calmette and Guerin (1921; France)
|
36.
BHC (Gammexane) synthesis
|
Michael Faraday
|
37.
Binomial nomenclature (1753)
|
Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)
|
38.
Biocatalysts
|
Buchner
|
39.
Biochemical evolution
|
Wald (1952)
|
40.
Biogeographical realms
|
Wallace A.R
|
41.
Biological synthesis of DNA with template
|
Kornberg A.
|
42.
Bioluminescence
|
E.R Dubois
|
43.
Biomolecular model or Sandwich model of plasma membrane
|
Davson and Danielli (1935)
|
44.
Biosynthesis of glycogen on liver
|
Bernard (1857)
|
45.
Blood capillaries
|
Marcello Malpighi
|
46.
Blood circulation
|
William Harvey (1578-1657)
|
47.
Blood circulation- Showed
|
Malpighi (1660)
|
48.
Blood coagulation- Explained
|
Moravits (1905)
|
49.
Blood group (AB)
|
De Castello and Sturli (1902)
|
50.
Blood group, O
|
De Castello and Sturli (1902)
|
51.
Blood groups (A, B and O)
|
Carl Land Steiner (1900)
|
52.
Blood pressure- Measured
|
Stephen Hales (1773)
|
53.
Brain & eye connection- Research
|
Roger W. Sperry, David Hubel & Torsten Wiessel (1981)
|
54.
Bundles of His and physiology of Auriculo-ventricular node
|
His (1893)
|
55.
C3 pathway of plants
|
Melvin Calvin
|
56.
C4 pathway of plants
|
Hatch and Slack
|
57.
Cancer
|
Robert Welberg
|
58.
Carbon dating
|
Libby W.F
|
59.
Carotenoids (chemical structure)
|
Karrer, Kuhn & Lederer
|
60.
Cascade reaction
|
Sutherlands
|
61.
Cat cry syndrome
|
Lejuene
|
62.
Cell
|
Robert Hooke (1665)
|
63.
Cell cycle: stages
|
Howard & Pele (1951)
|
64.
Cell division
|
Hofmeister
|
65.
Cell- First description of cell (RBC)
|
Jan Swammerdam (1658)
|
66.
Cell mediated response
|
Dausset, Snell & Benaceraff
|
67.
Cell theory
|
Schleiden and Schwann
|
68.
Central dogma
|
Crick F.H.C (1918)
|
69.
Centriole- Observed
|
van Beneden E. (1875)
|
70.
Chemical nature of TMV
|
Bawden F.C. and Pirie N.W. (1938)
|
71.
Chemical structure of antibody
|
Gerald M. Edelman & Rodney R. Porter (1972)
|
72.
Chemotherapy
|
Paul Erlich
|
73.
Chloroform
|
James Simpson
|
74.
Chloromycetin (antibiotic)
|
Burk Holder
|
75.
Chlorophyll structure & isolation
|
Willstatter and Stoll (1953)
|
76.
Chloroplast
|
Schimper
|
77.
Chlortetracycline (isolated from Streptomyces
aureofacieus)
|
Subba Rao and Duggar (1948)
|
78.
Cholera bacteria
|
Robert Koch
|
79.
Cholera toxin
|
Louis Pasteur
|
80.
Chromatin
|
Fleming W (1879)
|
81.
Chromatography
|
Michael Tswett (1906)
|
82.
Chromomeres (granules on chromosomes)
|
Pfitzner W (1882)
|
83.
Chromosomal basis of heredity
|
Sutton (1904)
|
84.
Chromosome number in man
|
Tijo and Levan
|
85.
Chromosomes (nuclear filaments)
|
Hofmeister
|
86.
Chromosomes (nuclear filaments) - described.
|
Anton Schneider (1823)
|
87.
Chromosomes -First experiment on Chromosomes (using fruit
fly)
|
Thomas Hunt Morgan (1866-1945)
|
88.
Chromosomes-Lamp brush
|
W. Flemming (1982)
|
89.
Cleavage in frog
|
Prevost and Dumas
|
90.
Cleavage of the frog’s egg-Described cell division for
the first time by studying Cleavage of the frog’s egg.
|
Prevost P &Dumas J.B.A (1824)
|
91.
Cloned a mammal- First (Dolly)
|
Ian Wilmut (1996)
|
92.
CO2: Role in regulation of breathing
|
Haldane and Priestley (1905)
|
93.
Coacervates- Produced
|
Oparin A.I (1924)
|
94.
Coenzyme A
|
Lipmann C. (1945)
|
95.
Colour blindness (Daltonism)
|
Hornerd (1876)
|
96.
Complement factor (alexin)
|
Bordet
|
97.
Compound microscope
|
Zacharias Janssen (1590)
|
98.
Conditioned reflex
|
Pavlov I.P.
|
99.
Contraceptive pills
|
Pinkus
|
100.
Cortisone
|
Edward Calvin
|