FIRST YEAR HIGHER SECONDARY
MODEL EXAMINATION, FEBRUARY 2025
๐ฅ Download PDF of this Question Paper
PART-A: BOTANY
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1 to 5. Each question carries 1 score. (3x1=3)
(a) Prophase (b) Metaphase
(c) Anaphase (d) Telophase
Outer layer of seed coat: Testa;
Inner layer of seed coat: ________.
II. Answer any 9 questions from 6 to 16. Each question carries 2 score. (9x2=18)
• Each plant part takes care of its own gas-exchange needs; there is very little transport of gases from one plant part to another.
• Plants do not present great demands for gas exchange.
• Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring.
• They are conjoint, open, and with endarch protoxylem.
| A | B |
|---|---|
| a) Anabaena | i) Pellicle |
| b) Gonyaulax | ii) Heterocyst |
| c) Euglena | iii) Plasmodium |
| d) Slime moulds | iv) Red tide |
| A | B |
|---|---|
| a) Anabaena | ii) Heterocyst |
| b) Gonyaulax | iv) Red tide |
| c) Euglena | i) Pellicle |
| d) Slime moulds | iii) Plasmodium |
b) Which are the chemical components of Ribosomes?
a) George Palade.
b) RNA and proteins.
• Cells are rich in protoplasm.
• Cell walls are thin.
• Cells divide constantly.
• Chlorophyll a: Bright or blue green.
• Chlorophyll b: Yellow green.
• Xanthophylls: Yellow.
• Carotenoids: Yellow to yellow-orange.
This is because the gametophytes (prothallus) require cool, damp, and shady places to grow and also need water for fertilization.
• Mesophyll is not differentiated.
• Stomata are distributed more at the abaxial epidermis.
• Stomata are equally distributed on both surfaces.
• Mesophyll is differentiated into Palisade and Spongy layers.
| Dorsi-ventral leaf (Dicot) | Iso-bilateral leaf (Monocot) |
|---|---|
| Stomata are distributed more at the abaxial epidermis | Stomata are equally distributed on both surfaces |
| Mesophyll is differentiated into Palisade and Spongy layers. | Mesophyll is not differentiated. |
b) What is the role of Mitochondria in a cell?
a) A-Matrix, B-Crista.
b) They are the sites of aerobic respiration and produce cellular energy in the form of ATP ("Powerhouses of the cell").
• Photolysis (splitting) of water takes place on the inner side of the membrane, releasing protons into the lumen.
• As electrons move through the photosystems, protons are transported across the membrane.
b) Which plant hormone is responsible for this?
a) It is the sudden rise in the rate of respiration during the ripening of fruits.
b) Ethylene.
b) Observe the amphibolic pathway and write names of A, B, C and D.
a) Because it involves both catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (synthesis) of molecules.
b) A-Fats, B-Carbohydrates, C-Proteins, D-Pyruvic acid.
a) Identify the aestivation of corolla.
b) In this diagram, petals are seen attached to Stamens. Write the name of this condition.
c) Write two features of gynoecium.
a) Valvate aestivation.
b) Epipetalous.
c) Bicarpellary, syncarpous; ovary superior; placenta swollen with many ovules.
i) Synapsis ii) Terminalisation of Chiasma.
b) Name the enzyme that catalyse crossing over.
c) What is the significance of crossing over.
a) i) Zygotene , ii) Diakinesis.
b) Recombinase.
c) It leads to variations in the genetic material of offspring.
• Cyclic: Only PS I is involved; only ATP is produced; electrons circulate within the photosystem.
• Non-cyclic: Both PS I and PS II are involved; both ATP and NADPH are produced; photolysis of water occurs.
PART-B: ZOOLOGY
I. Answer any 3 questions from 1 to 5. Each question carries 1 score. (3x1=3)
a) Red coloured oxygen storing pigment in muscle.
b) Inflammation of joints.
a) Myoglobin b) Arthritis.
| Generic name | Specific epithet |
|---|---|
| Mangifera | domestica |
| Musca | indica |
II. Answer any 9 questions from 6 to 16. Each question carries 2 score. (9x2=18)
a) What does P and T wave denote?
b) Mention the clinical significance of ECG.
a) P-wave: Depolarisation of the atria. T-wave: Repolarisation of the ventricles.
b) Any deviation from the standard ECG shape indicates a possible heart abnormality or disease.
a) Hyperglycaemic hormone: Glucagon;
Hypoglycaemic hormone: ________.
b) Hyposecretion of growth hormone: Dwarfism;
Hypersecretion of growth hormone: ________.
a) Insulin
b) Gigantism
b) Mention any 2 functions.
a) Cnidoblast (Stinging cell).
b) Anchorage, defense, and capture of prey.
a) Name any two co-factors.
b) What happens to the catalytic activity of enzyme when co-factor is removed from it?
a) Prosthetic groups, Co-enzymes, Metal ions (any two).
b) The catalytic activity of the enzyme is lost.
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| Platyhelminthes | Gills |
| Annelida | Malpighian tubules |
| Arthropoda | Flame cells |
| Mollusca | Nephridia |
| Lungs |
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| Platyhelminthes | Flame cells |
| Annelida | Nephridia |
| Arthropoda | Malpighian tubules |
| Mollusca | Gills |
b) Label the parts marked as A and B.
a) Female reproductive system of Frog.
b) A-Oviduct, B-Ovary.
| A | B |
|---|---|
| ……(a)…… | Catalyse oxidoreduction between two substrates S and S′ |
| ……(b)…… | Catalyse the transfer of a group G (other than H) between S and S′ |
| ……(c)…… | Catalyse interconversion of isomers |
| ……(d)…… | Catalyse the linking together of two compounds |
(a) Oxidoreductase
(b) Transferase
(c) Isomerase
(d) Ligase.
a) Accumulation of urea in blood.
b) Stones crystallised salts formed in Kidney.
c) Inflammation of glomeruli.
d) Process used to remove urea from those patients, whose kidneys do not function properly.
a) Uraemia
b) Renal calculi
c) Glomerulonephritis
d) Haemodialysis
a) Identify any three components/parts of the conducting system of human heart from the diagram. (Hint: Parts marked as A, B and C)
b) Which is the nodal tissue that initiate heartbeat?
a) A- SA Node
B- AV Node
C- Bundle of His.
b) SA Node (Sino-atrial node).
a) Ciliated comb plates.
b) Chitinous exoskeleton.
c) Water vascular system.
d) File-like rasping organ.
a) Ctenophora
b) Arthropoda
c) Echinodermata
d) Mollusca.
a) Which theory explains the process of muscle contraction?
b) Name two contractile proteins seen in muscles.
a) Sliding filament theory.
b) Actin and Myosin.
III. Answer any 3 questions from 17 to 20. Each question carries 3 score. (3x3=9)
a) What are the two types of synapses?
b) How do they differ from each other?
a) Electrical synapse and Chemical synapse.
b) In electrical synapses, neurons are in very close proximity and impulse transmission is very fast; in chemical synapses, there is a gap (synaptic cleft) and neurotransmitters are involved.
a) Name the body forms 'A' and 'B'.
b) Write any two differences between them.
a) A-Medusa, B-Polyp.
b) Medusa is umbrella-shaped and free-swimming. Polyp is cylindrical and sessile.
b) Mention the factors which favour the formation of oxyhaemoglobin in alveoli.
c) How many O₂ molecules can a haemoglobin molecule carry?
a) Oxygen dissociation curve.
b) High pO₂, low pCO₂, lesser H⁺ concentration, and lower temperature.
c) Four O₂ molecules.
a) Name the parts marked as A, B and C.
b) Write the three main steps/processes in urine formation.
a) A-Afferent arteriole, B-Efferent arteriole, C-Bowman's capsule.
b) Glomerular filtration, Reabsorption, and Secretion.