NEET Topic-wise & A
Topic 1: APPLICATIONS IN AGRICULTURE
NEET: Previous Years Questions
01. The capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell of the plant is called
(1) Totipotency
(2) Micropropagation
(3) Differentiation
(4) Somatic hybridization (NEET 2024)
✅ (1) Totipotency
02. Which of the following are fused in somatic hybridization involving two varieties of plants?
(1) Callus
(2) Somatic embryos
(3) Protoplasts
(4) Pollens (NEET 2024)
✅ (3) Protoplasts
03. Given below are two statements: (NEET 2024)
Statement I: Bt toxins are insect group specific and coded by a gene cry IAc.
Statement II: Bt toxin exists as inactive protoxin in B. thuringiensis. However, after ingestion by the insect the inactive protoxin gets converted into active form due to acidic pH of the insect gut.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
(2) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
(3) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
(4) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
✅ (3) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
04. What triggers activation of protoxin to active Bt toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in boll worm?
(1) Body temperature
(2) Moist surface of midgut
(3) Alkaline pH of gut
(4) Acidic pH of stomach (NEET 2019)
✅ (3) Alkaline pH of gut
05. Bt cotton variety that was developed by the introduction of toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is resistant to
(1) Plant nematodes
(2) Insect predators
(3) Insect pests
(4) Fungal diseases (NEET 2020)
✅ (3) Insect pests
06. Match the following columns and select the correct option.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(1) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(2) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(3) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(4) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv) (NEET 2020)
✅ (3) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
07. Which part of the tobacco plant is infected by Meloidogyne incognita?
(1) Stem
(2) Root
(3) Flower
(4) Leaf (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (2) Root
Model Questions
08. Which of the following is the applications of Biotechnology?
(1) Biopharmaceuticals, therapeutics & diagnostics
(2) Genetically modified crops & processed food
(3) Bioremediation, waste treatment and energy production.
(4) All the above
✅ (4) All the above
09. The critical research area of biotechnology is
(1) Providing the best catalyst in the form of improved organism usually a microbe or pure enzyme.
(2) Creating optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to act.
(3) Downstream processing technologies to purify the protein/organic compound.
(4) All the above
✅ (4) All the above
10. The plants, bacteria, fungi & animals whose genes are altered by manipulation are called
(1) Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)
(2) Transgenic organisms
(3) Pest resistant organisms
(4) Both (1) & (2)
✅ (4) Both (1) & (2)
11. Some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis have proteins that can kill
(1) Coleopterans (beetles)
(2) Lepidopterans (tobacco budworm, armyworm)
(3) Dipterans (flies, mosquitoes)
(4) All the above
✅ (4) All the above
12. What is true about Bt toxin?
(1) The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins.
(2) Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus.
(3) The inactive protein gets converted to active form in the insect gut.
(4) Activated toxin enters ovaries of pest and sterilize them.
✅ (3) The inactive protein gets converted to active form in the insect gut.
13. Proteins encoded by the genes cryIAc & cryIIAb control
(1) Cotton bollworms
(2) Corn borer
(3) Bud worms
(4) Butterflies
✅ (1) Cotton bollworms
14. A nematode that infects the roots of tobacco plants causing a reduction in yield is
(1) Trichinella spiralis
(2) Meloidogyne incognitia
(3) Caenorhabditis elegans
(4) Nippostrongylus brasiliensis
✅ (2) Meloidogyne incognitia
15. Which of the following genes do not occur naturally in living organisms?
(1) Bt genes
(2) Endogenous cytoplasmic defense genes
(3) RNAi genes
(4) Cry genes
✅ (2) Endogenous cytoplasmic defense genes
16. A dicotyledonous plant forms crown gall when
(1) Agrobacterium tumefaciens comes in contact with the plant.
(2) Agrobacterium rhizogenes comes in contact with the plant.
(3) A specific part of DNA from the Ti plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome.
(4) A specific part of DNA from the Ri plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome.
✅ (3) A specific part of DNA from the Ti plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome.
17. The strategy used to prevent the nematode infection in the roots of tobacco plant is called
(1) Use of agrochemicals
(2) RNA interference
(3) Bt toxin genes
(4) Gene mutation
✅ (2) RNA interference
Topic 2: APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE
NEET: Previous Years Questions
18. Match List I with List II:
Choose the correct answer form the options given below:
(1) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
(2) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
(3) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
(4) A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III (NEET 2024)
✅ (3) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
19. Which one of the following techniques does not serve the purpose of early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment?
(1) Serum and Urine analysis
(2) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique
(3) Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) technique
(4) Recombinant DNA Technology (NEET 2023)
✅ (1) Serum and Urine analysis
20. With regard to insulin choose correct options.
(a) C-peptide is not present in mature insulin.
(b) The insulin produced by rDNA technology has C-peptide.
(c) The pro-insulin has C-peptide.
(d) A-peptide and B-peptide of insulin are interconnected by disulphide bridges.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
(1) (b) and (d) only
(2) (b) and (c) only
(3) (a), (c) and (d) only
(4) (a) and (d) only (NEET 2021)
✅ (3) (a), (c) and (d) only
21. The Adenosine deaminase deficiency results into:
(1) Dysfunction of Immune system
(2) Parkinson's disease
(3) Digestive disorder
(4) Addison's disease (NEET 2021)
✅ (1) Dysfunction of Immune system
22. Now a days it is possible to detect the mutated gene causing cancer by allowing radioactive probe to hybridise its complimentary DNA in a clone of cells, followed by its detection using autoradiography because
(1) mutated gene partially appears on a photographic film.
(2) mutated gene completely and clearly appears on a photographic film.
(3) mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has no complementarity with it.
(4) mutated gene does not appear on photographic film as the probe has complementarity with it. (NEET 2021)
✅ (3) mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has no complementarity with it.
23. For effective treatment of the disease, early diagnosis and understanding its pathophysiology is very important. Which of the following molecular diagnostic techniques is very useful for early detection?
(1) Western Blotting Technique
(2) Southern Blotting Technique
(3) ELISA Technique
(4) Hybridization Technique (NEET 2021)
✅ (3) ELISA Technique
24. When gene targeting involving gene amplification is attempted in an individual's tissue to treat disease, it is known as
(1) Biopiracy
(2) Gene therapy
(3) Molecular diagnosis
(4) Safety testing (NEET 2021)
✅ (2) Gene therapy
25. Which of the following is not an application of PCR?
(1) Molecular diagnosis
(2) Gene amplification
(3) Purification of isolated protein
(4) Detection of gene mutation (NEET 2021)
✅ (3) Purification of isolated protein
26. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(1) The functional insulin has A and B chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.
(2) Genetically engineered insulin is produced in E. coli.
(3) In man insulin is synthesised as a proinsulin.
(4) The proinsulin has an extra peptide called C-peptide. (NEET 2020)
✅ (1) The functional insulin has A and B chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.
27. Which of the following features of genetic code does allow bacteria to produce human insulin by recombinant DNA technology?
(1) Genetic code is not ambiguous
(2) Genetic code is redundant
(3) Genetic code is nearly universal
(4) Genetic code is specific (NEET 2019)
✅ (3) Genetic code is nearly universal
28. Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency?
(1) Gene therapy
(2) Chemotherapy
(3) Immunotherapy
(4) Radiation therapy (NEET-II 2016)
✅ (1) Gene therapy
29. The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by
(1) covalent bond
(2) disulphide bridges
(3) hydrogen bonds
(4) phosphodiester bond (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (2) disulphide bridges
Model Questions
30. The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is
(1) Oestrogen
(2) Progesterone
(3) Thyroxin
(4) Insulin
✅ (4) Insulin
31. Pick out the incorrect statement.
(1) Insulin consists of two polypeptide chains that are linked by hydrogen bonds.
(2) Insulin is used to manage adult-onset diabetes.
(3) It is possible to produce human insulin using bacteria.
(4) In mammals, insulin is synthesized as a pro-hormone (pro-insulin).
✅ (1) Insulin consists of two polypeptide chains that are linked by hydrogen bonds.
32. The pro-insulin contains an extra stretch called
(1) A peptide
(2) B peptide
(3) C peptide
(3) D peptide
✅ (3) C peptide
33. The first American company that prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A & B chains of human insulin and introduced them in plasmids of E. coli to produce insulin chains was
(1) Illumina
(2) Eli Lilly
(3) Amgen
(4) BioMarin
✅ (2) Eli Lilly
34. First clinical gene therapy (1990) was given to a 4-year-old girl with
(1) Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency
(2) Beta-thalassemia
(3) Phenylketonuria
(4) Hexosaminidase A (HexA) deficiency
✅ (1) Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency
35. The genetic defect, adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be cured permanently by
(1) Administering adenosine deaminase through injection
(2) Enzyme replacement therapy
(3) Introducing gene from marrow cells producing ADA into the cells at early embryonic stages.
(4) Injecting the functional ADA cDNA into the lymphocytes of the patient.
✅ (3) Introducing gene from marrow cells producing ADA into the cells at early embryonic stages.
36. PCR cannot be used for
(1) To detect HIV in suspected AIDS patients.
(2) To detect gene mutations in cancer patients.
(3) To identify many genetic disorders.
(4) To produce insulin in diabetic patients.
✅ (4) To produce insulin in diabetic patients.
Topic 3: TRANSGENIC ANIMALS
Model Questions
37. Transgenic animals are the animals whose genome has been altered by
(1) Deletion of one or more genes from them.
(2) Introduction of a foreign gene by manipulation.
(3) Addition or deletion of a gene by manipulation.
(4) Introduction of a foreign RNA by manipulation.
✅ (2) Introduction of a foreign gene by manipulation.
38. Transgenic animals are extensively used for all of the following procedures except
(1) Bioremediation
(2) Chemical safety
(2) Vaccine safety
(4) Toxicity test
✅ (1) Bioremediation
39. Over 95% of the transgenic animals are
(1) Mice
(2) Rabbits
(3) Fishes
(4) Cows
✅ (1) Mice
40. First transgenic cow was
(1) Rosie
(2) Dolion
(3) Dolly
(4) Genie
✅ (1) Rosie
41. Select the wrong statement.
(1) Human protein, α-1-antitrypsin is used to treat emphysema.
(2) Transgenic mice are used to test the safety of the polio vaccine.
(3) Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases.
(4) Transgenic cow Rosie produced human protein-enriched milk which contains the human α-lactalbumin.
✅ (3) Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases.
Topic 4: ETHICAL ISSUES
NEET: Previous Years Questions
42. Which of the following in true for Golden rice?
(1) It is Vitamin A enriched, with a gene from daffodil
(2) It is pest resistant, with a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis
(3) It is drought tolerant, developed using Agrobacterium vector
(4) It has yellow grains, because of a gene introduced from a primitive variety of rice (NEET 2019)
✅ (1) It is Vitamin A enriched, with a gene from daffodil
43. In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use is
(1) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
(2) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
(3) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM)
(4) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC)
44. A ‘new’ variety of rice was patented by a foreign company, though such varieties have been present in India for a long time. This related to
(1) Co-667
(2) Sharbati Sonora
(3) Lerma Rojo
(4) Basmati (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) Basmati
45. Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organizations without authorization from the concerned country and its people is called
(1) Bio-infringement
(2) Biopiracy
(3) Biodegradation
(4) Bio exploitation (NEET 2018)
✅ (2) Biopiracy
Model Questions
46. Which organization was set up by Indian Government to make decisions about the validity of GM research and the safety of GM-organisms for public services?
(1) GEAC
(2) WTO
(3) USPTO
(4) CNIPA
✅ (1) GEAC
47. An improved variety of transgenic Basmati rice
(1) Does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones
(2) Gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A
(3) Is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy
(4) Gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma
✅ (2) Gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A
48. Which one of the following can be used as a bioweapon?
(1) Bacillus anthracis
(2) Treponema pallidum
(3) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(4) Clostridium tetani
✅ (1) Bacillus anthracis